公众参与建设项目环境影响评价法律制度研究

【作者】 马建刚；

【导师】 彭光华； 梁剑琴；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 我国正在进行社会主义现代化建设,各种各样的建设项目对整个国民经济的发展中其至关重要的作用,但是建设项目在发展经济的同时,对生态环境的破坏程度是前所未有的。为了使建设项目的效果实现经济发展、社会进步和环境保护三者协调统一,避免“市场失灵”和“政府失灵”,我们应该做好环境影响评价工作。对建设项目进行环境影响评价时,公众参与是环境影响评价中的重要内容。它能使建设单位、政府与公众三者之间的利益达到平衡,从而能实现生态环境的最大保护。在我国现有的有关公众参与的法律法规和学者研究的基础上,应当更好的完善公众参与建设项目环境影响评价法律制度,使该制度达到应有的效果。本文共包括五部分:导论、正文三章和结语。第一部分,介绍了公众参与建设项目环境影响评价的概念。在本章中重点介绍了建设项目环境影响评价的概念、公众参与的不同定义方式,以及各种不同定义方式的比较分析,还介绍了公众参与建设项目环境影响评价的内涵。以及笔者为什么选取建设项目环境影响评价作为公众参与的范围而不是整个环境影响评价领域,分析了公众参与到建设项目环境影响评价对于环境保护的意义。并且从我国环境管理制度、经济发展的考核方式的关系、公众自身的原因以及环境影响评价机构存在的问题等几个方面宏观分析了我国公众参与建设项目环境影响评价效果羸弱的原因。第二部分,概括分析我国公众参与建设项目环境保护的现状及存在的问题。在本章中,作者归纳了我国有关公众参与建设项目环境影响评价的立法现状,归纳出我国公众参与建设项目环境保护中存在主要法律问题。这部分主要从如要构架一个高效的法律制度必须关注的几个方面:有明确的法律目标,明确的参与主体,有合理的公众参与方式,有完善的权利行使的程序,对相关主体权利的救济方式和法律责任的承担。并从这几个方面检视我国现有的制度,归纳出我国主要存在的问题。第三部分,设想完善我国公众参与建设环境影响评价法律制度。这章内容主要是结合第二部分提出的一些问题,寻求解决这些问题的办法,这些办法包括确定公众资格和范围,统一信息的公开程序,完善信息的双向交流方式,明确主体的权利和义务,完善公众参与的法律责任和法律救济,设置吸引公众参与的奖励措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is under way socialist modernization . All kinds of construction projects are playing crucial adjective for the development of national economy. However, it is unprecedented on the ecological environment of destruction in the process of developing economy. In order to making the effect of construction project to achieve coordinate with economic development, social progress and environmental protection , avoiding "Market Failure" and "Government Failure". We should do well in Environmental Impact Assessment. There into, Public Participation is the important content of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), it is able to level off the project, government and the public’s interests, which can realize the maximum protection of ecological environment. On the basis of our country’s existing relevant laws and regulations about Public Participation and the study of scholar, it should be better complete Public Participation about construction project of EIA legal system and reach the deserved effect.This paper includes five parts: introduction, three chapters and epilogue. The first part, The concept of the construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment was introduced. In this chapter , the construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment, the different definitions of the public participation means and all the different definitions of comparative analysis were emphasisly introduced, the connotation of the construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment also was introduced. The author analyzed why selected environment impact assessment for construction project scope of public participation in environmental impact assessment rather than the whole field, analyzed the significance of public participation for environmental protection. And from our country environment management system, economic development, the relations between the public methods of assessment and their own reasons environmental impact assessment agency problems ,the weak effect reason for the public participation in our country construction projects in environmental impact assessment was analyzed.The second part, the existing problems and the present situation for the construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment in China was summarily analyzed. In this chapter, the author summarized the relevant construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment and the present legislation problems of the construction of public participation in Environmental impact assessment. Framing a efficient legal system must concern several aspects: clear legal targets, a clear participation body, a reasonable public participation way, the right exercise program for related subject, remedies of rights and liabilities. And from these aspects in the existing system, our country main existing problems was summarized.The third part, the idea of public participation in improving environmental impact assessment of the legal system building. This chapter is a combination of the second part of the main issues raised, seeking solutions to these problems, including procedures for determining eligibility and scope of the public, unified information disclosure procedures, and improve two-way communication of information, clear the rights and obligations of the principal, Improve public participation in legal liabilities and legal remedies, set of incentives to attract public participation.更多还原