【作者】 曾冠霖；

【导师】 李树槐；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 汉语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 八十年代中期,叙事学理论开始被逐步介绍到中国。而实践上的叙事艺术却先于理论发见于现代叙事文学中。作为现代小说奠基者的鲁迅无疑是融合中国神采与现代人类艺术结晶的领头羊。他的小说以“表现的深切和格式的特别”享誉文坛。本文将运用叙事学、文艺美学、人类文化学等方面的知识探讨《呐喊》、《彷徨》中各种叙事人称、叙事视角的运用艺术。《呐喊》、《彷徨》中的一人称小说分为两种：双重一人称叙事小说、单层一人叙事小说。双重一人称叙事模式是鲁迅小说叙事学意义的体现,同时这种叙事模式的产生也是由鲁迅小说的写作主旨所决定的。另一方面,《呐喊》、《彷徨》一人称小说中的叙事视角包括富有张力的经验视角、回顾视角,视角越界等模式。叙事视角的运用也是饱含深意的。《呐喊》中的叙事者较之于《彷徨》中的叙事者更为容易被读者感知。并且,《呐喊》、《彷徨》三人称叙事小说中叙事者更倾向于聚焦人物,采用限制视角叙述故事。同时,鲁迅的叙事人称、叙事视角是基于其存在体验,又朝向在寂寞中的猛士书写的选择。不同时期鲁迅不同的生存状态以及鲁迅不同的创作意旨产生了《呐喊》、《彷徨》中丰富多彩的叙事人称、叙事视角模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the mid-eighties, narratology theory began to be gradually introduced to China., however, the practice of narrative art is made before the theory found in modern narrative literature. As the founder of modern fiction, Lu Xun is undoubtedly the bellwether who is the combination of the mien of China and modern art of mankind.. His novel gained literary fame by its "deep expression and exceptional format."This paper will use narratology, literary aesthetics, ethnology and other aspects of knowledge to research into various aspects of art patterns,such as narrators and narrative perspectives applied in Nahan (The Scream) and Panghuang (Wandering).The first-person novels in The Scream and Wandering was divided into two types:double-person narrative novel and single-person narrative novel. The dual-person narrative is the embodiment of narratology in Lu Xun’s novels, moreover, the generation of this narrative mode is determined by Lu Xun’s writing purport. On the other hand, the narrative perspective in The Scream, Wandering including the empirical perspective full of tension, retrospective stance, cross-border viewing and many other models. The application of narrative perspective is also of profound significance.Compared with Wandering, The narrator of The Scream is more likely to be perceived by readers. In addition, the third-person narrative novels in The Scream, Wandering far more tend to focus on the characters, and use a restricted perspective to narrating the story.In the meantime, Luxun’s narrator and narrative perspective is not only based on the experience of his existence, but also towards the options he had written in the lonely warriors. The different subsistent states of Lu Xun in different periods as well as the diverse creative intention generated a rich mixture of narrators and narrative perspective modes in The Scream and Wandering.更多还原