【作者】 陈燕娟；

【导师】 陈清西； 陈益忠；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 园艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是柑桔原产中心之一,栽培历史悠久,资源丰富,气候条件优越,适栽地区广泛。福建省龙岩市地处中、南亚热带的过渡地带,由于武夷山脉、玳瑁山、博平岭三大山脉的独特走向,使龙岩形成了独特的气候条件,是栽培特早熟温州蜜柑适宜区的最南沿。龙岩市于1989年从浙江黄岩柑桔研究所引进12个特早熟温州蜜柑品系,经过十多年的试种、示范、筛选和繁育,现在主要推广种植的品系有稻叶、市文、山川3号、大浦等。在推广种植过程中主要存在树势易衰弱、品系过于单一、成熟期过于集中、果品上市期短,采收过早或过迟会影响果品的质量等问题。本课题通过分析龙岩市种植特早熟温州蜜柑的优势和现状,提出龙岩市发展特早熟温州蜜柑的主要对策。(1)建立以稻叶作为先锋品系,市文、山川、大浦等品系依次上市的品系结构组合。(2)建园时选择土壤肥力中等,夏肥少施或不施,重施秋肥,以有机肥为主；合理疏花疏果,保留一定挂果量,定植后前两年及时疏花不挂果等措施是提高树势的主要方法。(3)果实采收不仅从果皮是否转色,还要从果皮的光滑度、厚度、可溶性固形物等指标作为依据来确定最佳采收期。(4)发展产业化经营,加大生产投入,解决生产规模小、产业化水平较低、产后处理技术较落后等现状,全面提升产品质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the original center of citrus with abundant citrus resources and long plantation history. Longyan City of Fujian Province is located in the transitional belt crosses Central Subtropical zone and south subtropical zone. Because of the distinctive climate condition which caused by the unique landform of wuyi mountain daimao mountain and bopingling mountain, Longyan City is the southernmost area where suitable for cultivating extremly-early-ripening Satsuma Mandarin.Longyan City introduced twelve extremly-early-ripening Satsuma Mandarin varieties from Institute of citrus Research,huangyan,zhejiang in 1989. After more than ten years trial planting, demonstration, selection, and breeding, Daoye, Shiwen, Shanchuan NO.3 and Dapu cultivars were main extended. During the extension there were several problems,such as weakness of the trees, single strain, mature period and the period on market were both short. The research analyzed the advantage and present situation of cultivating extremly-early-ripening Satsuma Mandarin in Longyan City and the countermeasures were put forward.(1)Establish the structural combination which Daoye variety come into the market first, then shiwen shanchuan dapu cultivars come into the market by turn.(2)Choose the area with medium soil fertility to build orchard. Autumn fertilization is the most important, and organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer. Fertilize less or do not fertilize in summer. Thin the flower and fruit reasonably. Thinning flower during the first two years after planting which is the main measure to enhance the vigor of trees.(3)Optimum picking time not only based on colour-changed or not but also based on smooth degree, thickness, soluble solid ect.(4)Develop industrial management of Satsuma Mandarin production. Increase production input and solve the problem of small production scale, low industrialization level, and straggling postharvest technology. Improve the product quality comprehensively.更多还原