【作者】 宗纪勇；

【导师】 唐根富；

【作者基本信息】 安徽医科大学 ， 社会医学与卫生事业管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:调查安庆市农村地区中老年人群的生命质量,建立目标人群SF-36量表健康正常值,分析影响该人群生命质量的因素,为提高目标人群生命质量提供参考依据。方法:采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,先抽取安庆市望江和枞阳两县,每县再抽取6-7个乡镇,对每个乡镇中所有行政村的年龄在45周岁及以上的无严重精神问题及听力障碍的中老年人进行问卷调查,在当地政府支持和协助下,调查员进行入户调查。应用Epidata3.1建立数据库,并进行数据录入和校验,用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计分析。结果:一、不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况的中老年人群的生命质量差异有统计学意义。男性中老年人生命质量各维度的得分均高于女性,且每个维度差异均有统计学意义;中老年人的生命质量除“情感职能(RE)”这一维度外,其他维度生命质量得分随年龄的增大而降低,随着文化程度的提高而增大,经过方差分析,不同组的得分差异有统计学意义;已婚者和非农业人群的生命质量得分高于独居和从事农业人群,得分差异有统计学意义。二、影响安庆市农村地区中老年人群生命质量因素是多方面的。多元线性回归分析显示,其中生命质量总评、生理健康总评(PCS)得分与性别、婚姻状况、职业、年龄等四个因素有关,文化程度未进入回归模型,但单因素分析结果显示生命质量随着文化程度提高而增大,且差异有统计学意义。影响心理健康总评(MCS)得分的为性别、职业、婚姻状况三个因素,年龄和文化程度这两个因素未进入回归模型。结论:农村地区中老年人生命质量的影响因素是多方面的,提高该人群生命质量是一个系统的工程。具体措施包括:完善新型农村合作医疗制度、建立和完善农村公共卫生服务体系、预防和控制慢性病、改善中老年人心理卫生状况、改善女性的家庭地位、加强对孤寡老人的关心和救助、普及健康知识等综合性措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the middle-aged and elder rural residents’quality of life and its influencing factors, and establish SF - 36 scale health normal value of the target population, enhance the quality of life in target population through.Methods: A survey was made among the people of Anqing region, using the multistage random cluster sampling. Firstly, the county of Wangjiang and Zongyang were selected. Secondly, six or seven towns of each county were selected. Thirdly, permanent residents of each incorporated village of the towns, aged 45 and over, excluding serious mental problems and hearing disorders. Investigation was conducted with support and assistance from local government. Epidata3.1 was used for database establishing, data entry and check, SPSS13.0 packages was for statistical analysis.Result: 1. The difference of the quality of life in different gender, age groups, education levels, occupation, and marital status of the middle-aged and elderly people was statistically significant. The male scored higher than the female in all dimensions of quality of life, the diversity in each dimension was statistically significant. In study population, life quality score decreases with age, and increases with cultural degrees in all dimensions but“emotional functions (RE)”. In analysis of variance, difference of scores in different groups was statistically significant. The married and non-agricultural population had a higher and significant quality of life score, compared to those who lived alone or were agricultural population. 2. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that the middle-aged and elderly rural residents’quality of life and PCS may be sex, marital status, occupation and age. Education level did not enter regression model, but the single factor analysis results showed that the quality of life score is significantly higher in higher than lower education level. The influencing factors of mental health score (MCS) was sex, occupation, and marital status, age and education level did not enter regression model.Conclusion: There are various factors influencing the middle-aged and elderly rural residents’quality of life, thus making the improvement of the quality of life a systematic project. The specific measures include perfecting the new type of rural cooperative medical care system, establishing and improving the rural public health service system, preventing and controlling chronic non-communicable diseases, improving mental health status in older adults, females’family status, aid and care for elderly people, and popularizing health knowledge among target population.更多还原