高压高水基矿用乳化液泵站卸载阀的研究

【作者】 武宗才；

【导师】 刘志奇；

【作者基本信息】 太原科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国煤炭开采中,井下开采占据着主导地位。乳化液泵站作为井下采煤液压系统的动力元件,它为系统提供工作用的乳化液介质。现代化的采煤工作面对乳化液泵站的供液质量要求越来越高,即要求到达液压支架的压力波动范围越来越小。但是随着工作面对重载高速的要求越来越高,使得泵站功率越来越大,节能因素决定了不能使用溢流阀来稳定泵站压力,只能使用工作在开关状态下的卸载阀来稳定泵站的供液压力。因此,卸载阀的动态特性显得尤为重要。论文基于机液仿真软件AMESim对矿用乳化液泵站卸载阀进行了建模和仿真研究,并结合实验进行参数辨识,研究了卸载阀的动态特性,研究的结果对卸载阀新样机的制作有一定的指导意义。论文首先介绍了水压传动的定义,紧接着阐述了国内外卸载阀的研究现状。由于高水基介质的特殊性,论述了高水基介质带来的问题以及在设计加工制造过程中高水基液压元件用到的关键技术。运用机械/液压及动力学软件AMESim对卸载阀进行建模,建立了卸载阀的数学模型及AMESim仿真模型。根据所建立的模型,对电磁控制方式和机械控制方式进行了详细的分析,得出各自工作的动态过程。对卸载阀进行了频域分析,得出卸载阀在工作时的稳定性和稳定裕度。利用AMESim软件中的模态分析工具计算出卸载阀的固有频率,使工作频率远离模态频率以减小振动现象。运用遗传算法优化原理,选择卸载阀中影响因素较大的参数进行参数取值,并对这些参数进行优化设计,使得卸载阀在工作时达到最大的节能效果。为验证上述仿真结果,在煤炭科学研究院太原研究院的帮助下,搭建了实验系统并进行实验。实验结果表明,卸载阀具有稳定性好、压力波动范围小的特点,能够满足乳化液泵站的工作需要,同时也验证了模拟仿真的正确性。论文所做工作主要是针对矿乳化液泵站压力控制的特殊性,对泵站用卸载阀进行了数学分析及仿真研究,为卸载阀动态性能的设计提供理论支持。本文中对卸载阀结构参数的优化结果为卸载阀性能的提高也有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In china coal mining, underground mining play a main role. Emulsion pump as a power component in mining hydraulic system. It offers emulsion medium for system to work .Modern mining industry needs the medium pump station provide higher and higher quality. In other words, it asks the hydraulic support should bear for smaller and smaller pressure wave. But as the operation face to heavy load and high speed which needs more and more , it makes pump station power bigger and bigger. And energy conservation factor decides relief valve could not stabilize the power that coming from pump station. So, unloading valve becomes especially important, because it dynamics characteristics .Thesis is based on machine liquid simulation software AMESim which study for the modeling and emulation and rely on the parameter identification experiment to study the dynamic characteristics of unloading valves. The result of the study for unloading valves production of a new prototype has very important guidance role.Firstly, this thesis introduces the definition of hydraulic transmission .Then, it shows a research status recently about unloading valve at home and abroad. Because of the aqueous medium specific characteristic ,thesis discuss the problem that aqueous status brings about and the key technology of designing processing manufacturing process, taking advantage of hydraulic pressure and AMESim to modeling unloading valve, build unloading valve mathematical model and AMESim simulation model. According to the model ,I make analysis of electromagnetic control way and machinery control way .Then I have the dynamic progress conclusion to discharge valve for the frequency domain analysis, to calculates the inherent frequency of unloading valve by using AMESim software’s modal analysis .It makes frequency of operation far away from modal frequency. In order to avoiding covibration, I put Genetic Algorithm optimization theory in use, choose the bigger parameter which influences unloading valve to Parameter selection. Then optimization design this parameters, so as to make unloading valve could achieve a best Energy-saving effect when it works. For checking the simulation result listed above, with the help of the coal scientist graduated school of taiyuan, I put up Experimental System and started experiment. The experiment result shows that unloading valve has good steadiness and pressure wave ranges small. It not only contents emulsion pump station need,but also tests and verifies imitate emulation exact.This thesis is mainly studied for the special emulsion pump pressure control ,useing unloading valves to mathematical analysis and simulation study for pump station.Then it supports a theory for unloading valve trends function. This thesis about unloading valve structure parameters has a great reference value.更多还原