【作者】 范海琳；

【导师】 谭春青； 袁怡祥；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（工程热物理研究所） ， 工程热物理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 由于燃气轮机具有污染排放低、噪声小、维护费用低、大修周期长以及单位体积功率大等优点,因而应用较广。随着能源紧张、环境承受能力有限等问题日益突出,一些中低热值的燃料利用成为人们关注的重要内容,例如热解油、生物气化气、生物柴油、醇醚等燃料。然而,中低热值燃料一般着火温度比较高、着火下限较高,容易导致熄火、脱火,燃烧稳定性差,所以需要在燃烧组织、拓宽稳定范围方面做更多的、更细致的工作。本文以燃气轮机旋流杯燃烧室为研究对象,从燃烧室主燃区的流动组织入手,抓住贫熄具有很强的局部特征这一点,对主燃区流场结构进行了分析。主要研究内容如下：1.以单头部旋流杯燃烧室为研究对象,得到了常压下燃烧室进口空气速度和进口空气温度的改变对贫熄油气比的影响的实验数据,进行了相应于贫熄工况点的冷、热态数值模拟计算。分析了进气速度和进气温度的改变对回流区大小、位置等的影响,并且通过模拟计算结果和相应的贫熄实验数据的结合,分析了进气条件的改变对贫熄油气比影响的原因。2.对模化前和模化后的WR230燃烧室主燃区流场结构进行了数值模拟计算,通过定性比较,分析了其头部流场结构特点,设计了一种端盖冷却装置,对燃烧室头部起到了预期的冷却作用,为对模化实验件进行贫熄性能实验提供了参考。3.本文设计了一种旋流杯头部,以试图产生丰富的主燃区流场结构。采用含甲烷28%、含二氧化碳72%的燃气作为燃料,通过数值模拟计算初步分析了其与典型旋流杯燃烧室在主燃区流场结构方面的不同之处,为设计新型的稳燃装置和改善贫熄性能提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gas turbine has the merits of low emissions, low noise, low maintenance costs, long repair cycle, and high power per unit volume, so it has wide application. As the problems of energy crisis and the limited environmental capacity becoming increasingly prominent, the utilization of medium and low heat value fuel has been very important, such as the pyrolysis oil, bio-gasification gas, bio-diesel, alcohols and ethers, and so on. However, the minimum ignition temperature of the medium and low heat value fuel is relatively high, and the lower combustion limit is also relatively high, which easily lead to extinction and poor combustion stability, so it is needed to do more and meticulous work for combustion organization and widing combustion stability range.This paper took gas turbine combustor with swirl cup dome as research object, based on the flow organization of the primary zone, focused on that the lean blowout has strong local features apparently, and took analysis for the flow field structure of the primary zone. The main contents are as follows:1. The experimental data of lean blowout fuel/air ratio of a single-dome swirl cup combustor with different inlet air velocities and temperature was obtained at atmospheric pressure conditions. Numerical simulations both burning and non-burning were performed corresponding to the experimental data at lean blowout. The effects of changes of the inlet air velocity and temperature on the recirculation zone’s size, location and so on, have been analyzed. Through combining the simulation results with the corresponding experimental data, the reasons why the lean blowout fuel/air ratio varied with inlet air conditions’ changes were analyzed.2. Numerical simulations for WR230 combustor’s primary zone of pre-modeling and post-modeling were performed. The features of the combustor dome’s flow structure were analyzed by comparing qualitatively. A cooling device was designed for combustor lid, and it played a role of protecting combustor’s dome with effective result. These can provide reference for testing the lean blowout performance of the modeling combustor rig.3. A new swirl cup dome was designed to try to produce rich flow structure in primary zone. The fuel gas composed of 28% methane and 72% carbon dioxide was used. Numerical simulations were performed to analyze the differences of the flow structures in primary zone between the combustor with new swirl cup dome and the one with typical swirl cup dome. This research can provide reference for the design of new flame stabilizer and the improvement of the lean blowout performance.更多还原