【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 包和平；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 应用盖均镒提出的植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析方法,对2个高油玉米组合的P1、F1、P2、B1、B2、F2 6个世代的10个主要性状的主基因+多基因遗传进行了研究,结果表明：1.高油玉米株型性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析研究结果株高性状在组合Ⅰ的遗传符合2对主基因+多基因模型,在B2的主基因+多基因遗传率最高。株高性状在组合Ⅱ的遗传符合1对主基因+多基因模型,在B2的主基因+多基因遗传率最高。茎粗性状在两个组合的遗传都符合1对主基因+多基因模型,组合Ⅰ在F2的主基因+多基因遗传率最高,组合Ⅱ在B2的主基因+多基因遗传率最高。2.产量性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析研究结果穗长性状在组合Ⅰ的遗传符合多基因模型,在F2多基因遗传率最高。穗长性状在组合Ⅱ的遗传符合1对主基因+多基因遗传模型,在F2主基因+多基因遗传率最高。穗粗性状在组合Ⅰ的遗传符合多基因模型,在F2多基因遗传率最高。穗粗性状在组合Ⅱ的遗传符合1对主基因+多基因模型,在F2主基因+多基因遗传率最高。单穗粒重性状在两个组合的遗传都符合多基因模型,两个组合都在F2多基因遗传率最高。百粒重性状在组合Ⅰ的遗传符合多基因模型,在B1多基因遗传率最高。百粒重性状在组合Ⅱ的遗传符合2对主基因模型,在B2主基因遗传率最高。试验没有筛选出秃尖长度性状的最适遗传模型,所以不能对秃尖长度性状的遗传效应进行估计。3.高油玉米品质性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析研究结果脂肪含量在两个组合的遗传都符合1对主基因+多基因模型,两个组合都在B1主基因+多基因遗传率最高。组合Ⅰ和组合Ⅱ淀粉含量遗传都符合多基因模型,组合Ⅰ在B1多基因遗传率最高,组合Ⅱ在B2多基因遗传率最高。蛋白含量在组合Ⅰ的遗传符合2对主基因+多基因模型,在B2主基因+多基因遗传率最高。蛋白含量在组合Ⅱ的遗传符合2对主基因模型,在B1多基因遗传率最高。综上所述,2个组合的单穗粒重和淀粉含量的遗传符合多基因模型。茎粗性状在2个组合的遗传符合1对主基因+多基因模型。没有找出秃尖长度符合的遗传模型,其他几个性状符合的遗传模型,在2个组合中各不相同。更多还原

【Abstract】 Applicat the method of Gai Junyi, the joint segregation analysis of a mixed genetic major gene plus poly gene mixed inheritance model of quantitative trait in plants was conducted to study the inheritance of 10 major traits in high oil maize,the six populations, P1,F1,P2,B1,B2 and F2,from each of two crosses were used in this study. Results showed that:1. Studies on oil maize the major gene plus polygene inheritance of plant type traits.In crossⅠ,the inheritance of stem high trait followded two major genes plus polygenes model, which had the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in B2. In crossⅡthe inheritance of stem high trait followded one major genes plus polygenes model, which had the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in B2.In two crosses,the inheritance of stem diameter trait followded one major gene plus polygenes model.In crossⅠhad the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in F2. In crossⅡhad the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in B2.2. Studies on oil maize the major gene plus polygene inheritance of yield traits.In crossⅠ,the inheritance of Ear length trait followded polygenes model, which had the highest polygenes heritabilities in F2. In crossⅡthe inheritance of Ear length trait followded one major gene plus polygenes model, which had the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in F2.In crossⅠ,the inheritance of Ear diameter trait followded polygenes model, which had the highest polygenes heritabilities in F2. In crossⅡ, the inheritance of Ear diameter trait followded one major gene plus polygenes model, which had the highest major genes plus polygenes heritabilities in F2.In two crosses,the inheritance of Single spike kernel weight trait followded polygenes model, two corsses had the highest polygenes heritabilities in F2.In crossⅠ,the inheritance of 100-kernel weight trait followded polygenes model, which had the highest polygenes heritabilities in B1. In crossⅡ,the inheritance of 100-kernel weight trait followded two major gene model, which had the highest major gene heritabilities in B2.The inheritance of Bold-tip length trait wasn’t found in this experiment. So the heritabilities of Bold-tip length trait weren’t reckoned.3. Studies on oil maize the major gene plus polygene inheritance of starch、protein、fat traits. In two crosses,the inheritance of fat trait followded one major gene plus polygenes model, two corsses had the highest major gene plus polygenes heritabilities in B1.In two crosses,the inheritance of starch trait followded polygenes model. In crossⅠhad the highest polygenes heritabilities in B1.In crossⅡhad the highest polygenes heritabilities in B2.In crossⅠ,the inheritance of protein trait followded two major genes plus polygenes model, which had the highest major gene plus polygenes heritabilities in B2. In crossⅡ,the inheritance of protein trait followded two major genes model, which had the highest major gene heritabilities in B1.The all results showed that the Single spike kernel weight and starch fitted the model of polygenes. The inheritance of stem diameter fitted the model of one major gene plus polygenes.The inheritance of Bold-tip length wasn’t found in this experient. Other traits didn’t have identical inheritance models in the two crosses.更多还原