【作者】 张有科；

【导师】 牟成文；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,大多数学者对于集体主义的研究和著述,大多集中于以下几个方面：是从哲学意义的范畴上来讲集体主义的内涵问题；二是从集体主义的历史变迁角度谈及在市场经济条件下如何培育集体主义的问题；三是从党和国家领导人的著作和讲话中研究集体主义在当前形势下的发展问题。从这些问题的研究方向中我们可以看出,当前对于集体主义的研究大多着眼于宏观的层面,只是从理论层面对新时期的集体主义作了一些创新的理解和诠释,但是对于集体主义在农村的研究不多,关注点极少涉及集体主义在农村的运行和发展问题。通过对B村的深入调查,笔者观察到集体主义在B村的运行具有以下几个方面的困境：政治生活方面,表现为村民政治参与积极性减弱,逐渐表现出冷漠的态度,村干部的政治活动也具有明显的“利益化”倾向等。经济生产方面,表现为农民“原子化”现象严重,合作期望值下降,许多公共基础设施年久失修无人问津等。文化生活方面,表现为村庄的文化逐渐消解,许多娱乐活动金钱化、低俗化严重,村民缺乏一种坚定的信仰,生活的自尊感、满足感降低,许多人的精神状况处于空虚和孤独的状态等。虽然这些问题的出现是由多种原因造成的,但是它们又无不与目前集体主义在农村的解构从而导致村庄“原子化”的问题有着密切的关联。鉴于此,笔者将以鲁中山区的B村为个案从政治、经济、文化等角度来考察和分析集体主义在目前我国农村社会发展中出现的困境及其原因,并在此基础上提出相关的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, Most scholars for the collective research and discussion mostly concentrated on the following. Firstly, talking about the meaning of collectivism from the areas of the philosophical significance. Secondly, under conditions of market economy, how to cultivate the issue of collectivism from the collectivism’s historical change of perspective. Thirdly, most people researched the collectivism in the present situation of development form the party and state leaders’writings and speech. From the direction of these studies, we can see that:the study of collectivism most focus on the macro level. Taking a new period of innovation collective understanding and interpretation from the theoretical, but the study of the rural collective were rarely concerns the collectivism involves the cultivation and development.Through the investigation of the B village, writer observed that the cooperation of the villagers are declined and the relationship between people are weak, self-governance between the villagers are not enough; village’s cultural are deconstructed, many activities become monetize and vulgarization, lacking a positive and healthy way of entertainment; the future of farm expectations are not strong, lacking a strong faith; a lot of lonely people are emptiness. There are still difficulties be solved, because the lack of collective thinking of various problems such as rural areas continue to emerge mushroomed, not only the progress of the farmers thought and the liberation of the society, but also affected the construction of new countryside and rural stability, the new situation is not conducive to develop the Chinese vast rural areas.In view of this, writer will do the empirical research through the B village in central Shandong mountain to confirm the problem of Collectivism. Describing the plight of rural development from the political and economic and cultural of the collectivism and proposing the targets for further suggestions.更多还原