【作者】 贺晓娟；

【导师】 梁卫东；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 环境工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要考察凹凸棒-无机盐复合材料在废水处理方面的研究及应用。如下所示:(1)以凹凸棒为原料,采用氯化钙改性凹凸棒粘土,对其进行了TEM、IR光谱分析。用改性后的凹凸棒泥浆处理亚甲基蓝废水,分别对亚甲基蓝的初始浓度、废水pH、废水温度、搅拌速度几方面对其研究。讨论了动力学和热力学吸附性质。结果表明:在实验范围内,凹凸棒泥浆对亚甲基蓝的吸附可以用Langmuir吸附等温线很好的描述,吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程。计算得△G~0<0,△H~0<0,△S~0<0,说明此吸附是一个自发、放热、向有序性变化的过程。(2)针对氯化钙改性凹凸棒复合材料使用后的废渣回收利用问题进行研究。主要从焙烧和吡啶改性两方面对凹凸棒废渣其回收使用,实现资源化利用。400℃焙烧废渣利用6次后,随着吸附剂活性位点的降低,吸附性能下降。采用吡啶改性后的废渣对亚甲基蓝也有一定得吸附作用。研究以过氧化二苯甲酰为引发剂,以吡啶为单体改性凹凸棒废渣处理亚甲基蓝废水,经过实验表明,两者方法均可使得凹凸棒废渣得到利用。尤其采用后者方法,可以将回收改性后的吸附剂用于其它有机废水的深度处理当中,起到资源循环利用的目的。(3)采用钙盐制备凹凸棒干燥剂,通过不同条件下制备性能表明,随着凹凸棒中氯化钙填充越多,干燥剂对水分的吸收越好。通过几种方法比较,比表面积越小,说明钙盐嵌入凹凸棒层越多,有利于吸收水分。(4)采用铁盐、铁盐和铝盐以原料,分别采用分步滴定法制备凹凸棒铁氧体催化剂和凹凸棒/聚合铝铁絮凝剂。通过研究各自的制备方法和条件,对化工废水的催化氧化性能和生活污水的絮凝试验进行检测。利用正交试验优化了废水反应条件,结果表明,用凹凸棒负载的催化剂和絮凝剂对废水降解有明显效果。此次试验,进一步研究了凹凸棒在废水处理方面的应用价值和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Attapulgite–inorganic salt was used the research and application of wastewater in this paper. Following Several aspects:(1) Taking attapulgite as raw material, which was modified by Calcium , TEM and IR were employed to analysis the sample. Treatment of Methylene blue wastewater with attapulgite slurry modified by calcium chloride has been performed. The study of several aspects on treating methylene blue respectively with the initial concentration,the value of pH, temperature, stirring speed. the dynamics and thermodynamics for the adsorption were discussed. The results show that : Within the scope of the experiment,the adsorption behaviour could be better described by Langmuir equations,the Kineties data for the adsorption was in good agreement with the Pseudo-second rate equation . The thermodynamic datas were calculated that△G0 < 0,△H0< 0,△S0< 0, the adsorption of methylene blue was a spontaneous , exothermal and order-producing process.(2) It was studied to the problem of recycling waste of attapulgite after using attapulgite which was modified by Calcium. the attapulgite offscum was recoveried two aspects by roasting and Pyridine modified,it realized reuse .under the temperaturer of 400℃,roasting waste residue was used after six times, as adsorbent active site reduce, adsorption performance decline. Pyridine modified has a lot of adsorption effect.Taking dibenzoylperoxide as initiator , pyridine as monomer which Modified attapulgite waste and used to deal with methylene blue.The results show that :two methods may make use of attapulgite waste residue recovering. Especially the latter method can be recycled modified absorbents which was used in other organic wastewater treatment,it has the depth of the purpose of resources recycling.(3) Attapulgite desiccant was preparated by calcium salt. through different conditions indicated that:the more calcium chloride filled in the attapulgite,the more desiccant moistured absorption. Compared with several methods, specific surface area is smaller,it ed that calcium salt embedded attapulgite layer, it was good for absorbing moisture. (4)Catalysts and flocculant were prepared by attapulgite coated ferrous salt or aluminium and iron compound by the method of step-by-step dripping reaction. Through study on preparing methods and conditions respectivly.the performance of catalytic oxidation and sewage flocculent were tested.It was used orthogonal test to optimize conditions of wastewater,s reaction. The results show that the attapulgite coated catalysts and flocculant have obvious effect in degradation for wastewater. the application value and effectiveness of attapulgite were further researched in treatment of wastewater.更多还原