【作者】 侯磊；

【导师】 杨宇峰；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 水生生物学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 对珠江广州河段(2007年4月—2010年4月)和磨刀门水域(2009年7月—2010年1月)理化指标和轮虫群落进行了调查研究,主要结果如下：1.珠江广州河段2个采样点共记录轮虫76种,其中污染指示轮虫51种。优势种为微型多突轮虫(Lififerotrocha subtilis)、裂痕龟纹轮虫(Anuraeopsis fissa)、西氏三肢轮虫(Filinia novaezealandiae)和角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis)。轮虫丰度范围69—6038 ind. L-1,中大码头采样点丰度最高,平均丰度为1891±1282 ind.L-1; 2站点高峰期均出现在枯水期。轮虫丰度与pH、氮磷比显著正相关,与径流量显著负相关(P<0.05)。冗余分析(RDA)表明叶绿素a、透明度、氮磷比是影响轮虫群落结构时空变化的重要因子。2.磨刀门3个采样点共记录轮虫69种,其中污染指示轮虫51种。优势种为广布多肢轮虫(Polyarthra vulgaris)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratella cochlearis)、热带龟甲轮虫(Keratella tropica)和暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla)。轮虫丰度范围为0—199ind.L-1,滞水区采样点丰度最高,平均值为31±54ind. L-1; 3采样站点高峰期均出现在丰水期。轮虫丰度与水温、总氮、叶绿素α显著正相关,与盐度显著负相关。磨刀门水域理化因子变化剧烈,轮虫多样性指数波动范围较大,反映出轮虫群落结构的不稳定性。RDA分析表明水温、盐度和叶绿素α是影响轮虫群落结构季节变化的重要因子。3.根据水质生态学评价指标,珠江广州河段水体E/O值2.83, QB/T值1.75,已达重度富营养水平；磨刀门水体E/O值1.62, QB/T值1.38,已达轻度富营养水平,与非生物环境因子营养状态综合评价结果一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 Physicochemical parameters and rotifer communities were investigated in Guangzhou segment of the Pearl River from April 2007 to April 2010, and in Modaomen waters from July 2009 to January 2010. The main results are as follows:1. Seventy-six species of rotifers, in which fifty-one species were pollution indicator rotifers, were recorded at two sites in Guangzhou segment of the Pearl River. The dominant species were Lififerotrocha subtilis, Anuraeopsis fissa, Filinia novaezealandiae and Brachionus angularis. The abundance of rotifers ranged from 69 to 6038 ind. L-1 with the highest point appeared at Zhongda pier and the average abundance 1891±1282 ind.L-1. The rotifer abundance peak at the two sites appeared in the dry season. Significantly negative correlations were found between runoff and rotifer abundance which had obviously positive correlations with the pH value and nitrogen-phosphorus ratios. The analysis results of RDA showed that chlorophyll a (Ch1 a), transparency and nitrogen-phosphorus ratios were the most important factors that influenced the spatial and temporal distributions of community structure of rotifers.2. Sixty-nine species of rotifers, in which fifty-one species were pollution indicator rotifers, were recorded at three sites in Modaomen waters of the Pearl River estuary. The dominant species were Polyarthra vulgaris, Keratella cochlearis, Keratella tropica and Trichocerca pusilla. The abundance of rotifers ranged from 0 to 199 ind. L-with the highest point recorded in the sampling site of the stagnant district and the average abundance being 31±54 ind. L-1. The rotifer abundance peak at the three sites was recorded in the wet season. Significantly negative correlations were found between salinity and rotifer abundance which had obviously positive correlations with water temperature, Total Nitrogen (TN) and Chlorophyll a (Ch1 a). The violent changes of physicochemical factors in Modaomen estuary and the large fluctuations of diversity index of rotifers indicated that the community structure of rotifers was unstable. The analysis results of RDA showed that water temperature, salinity and Chlorophyll a (Ch1 a) were the most important factors that influenced seasonal variations of community structure of rotifers. 3. According to the ecological assessment indicators of water quality, waters in Guangzhou segment of the Pearl River (E/O= 2.83, QB/T= 1.75) had reached the level of hypereutrophication, and waters in Modaomen estuary (E/O= 1.62, QB/T= 1.38) the level of mild eutrophication, which coincided with the results of the comprehensive evaluation of trophic state of non-biologic environmental factors.更多还原