【作者】 邱江；

【导师】 陈伟明；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 历史地理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 爪哇是位处东南亚的热带海岛,具有优越的农业发展条件。历史时期农业一直是爪哇经济的重要支柱。十七世纪至十九世纪初(1602-1816),在荷兰、法国、英国等欧洲殖民势力的入侵下,爪哇农业原有的自给自足的封建状态被打破,农业生产逐步被殖民机构所控制,成为了世界市场体系中的一个组成部分。与此同时,爪哇的社会性质也由封建社会逐渐转变为半殖民地半封建社会,并呈现出独特的农业地理景观。有关十七世纪至十九世纪初爪哇农业地理的文献资料中,莱佛士的《爪哇史》最为重要。该书1817年在伦敦出版,是莱佛士在担任英属爪哇殖民地副总督期间(1811-1816),通过广泛搜集当地原始资料,并充分利用了荷兰东印度公司的各种档案记录,结合对爪哇岛大部分地区进行实地考察调研之后而完成的。《爪哇史》不仅是研究十九世纪初以前爪哇历史地理的重要学术著作,还是有关爪哇政治、经济、农业、贸易、社会、民俗等多方面状况的长篇专题资料汇编。其中有关农业的记录翔实,可作为研究十九世纪以前爪哇农业地理状况的重要依据。在历史地理学的视野下,以《爪哇史》资料为中心,结合其它的相关材料,可考察十七世纪至十九世纪初爪哇农业的发展环境,农业发展和地域分布,以及农业与环境的互动关系等农业地理问题。所得出的初步结论是：该时期爪哇的气候、地形、土壤、水分、生物资源等农业发展的自然条件得天独厚,人口、政治等社会环境因素和农业基础也有利于农业的发展。因此,当时爪哇的粮食作物和经济作物的种植业全面勃兴,林业发展迅速,畜牧业、渔业和副业也各具特色。爪哇的稻谷、胡椒、咖啡、柚木等成为国际市场中的重要农产品,远销海外。同时,农业的发展形成了具有明显地域性的分布特征,也改变了当地的自然景观和社会人文景观,并推动了爪哇由封建社会向半殖民地半封建社会的转变。更多还原

【Abstract】 Java is a tropical island located in Southeast Asia, with excellent conditions for agricultural development. Agriculture has been the historical period, an important pillar of the economy of Java. Seventh century to the early nineteenth century (1602-1816), in the Netherlands, France, Britain and other European colonial powers invaded, the Javanese feudal agricultural self-sufficiency in the original was broken, and agricultural production gradually being controlled by the colonial institutions, became the world market system is an integral part. At the same time, the social nature of Java, from feudal society into a semi-feudal society gradually, and presents a unique geographical landscape of agriculture.For the 17th century to the early 19th century Javanese literature of agricultural geography, Raffles’s the History of Java is the most important. The book was published in London in 1817, is the Raffles served as Deputy Governor of the British colonial Javanese period (1811-1816), through an extensive collection of local raw materials and take advantage of the variety of the Dutch East India Company records, combined with most areas of Java island, site visits were completed after lengthy research project compilation. Detailed records on agriculture which can be used as of the nineteenth century before the Java an important basis of agricultural geography.Perspective of historical geography,take the History of Java as the primary material, in combination with other related material that can be investigated 17th century to the early 19th century Java environment for agricultural development, agricultural development and geographical distribution, and interaction between agriculture and environment relations and other agricultural geography. The preliminary conclusions are:in the period of Java, unique natural conditions, social environmental factors and agricultural infrastructure are conducive to the development of agriculture. So, Java was the food and cash crops planting full rise, the rapid development of forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and sideline are also distinctive.The development of agriculture has formed a clear regional distribution characteristics, but also changed the natural landscape and social landscape, and to promote the Java from feudal society to a semi-feudal society changes.更多还原