【作者】 檀深秋；

【导师】 杨成忠；

【作者基本信息】 杭州电子科技大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 人工心脏作为有效治疗心脏病的一种手段,相关技术的研究日益为国内外医学界所重视。植入式左心室辅助装置作为人工心脏研究中的一个分支,由于其自身特点被视为未来人工心脏的主流。本课题以左心室辅助装置为研究对象,通过分析左心辅助泵的结构与工作原理,在参考国内外研究经验基础上,改进了血泵驱动技术与控制算法。论文主要研究内容如下:针对现有血泵的特性,对血泵电机驱动线圈进行设计。通过与现有左心室辅助装置血泵进行对比,分析了本文所用血泵的特定性能指标与结构特征;初步确定了驱动线圈的相关参数,包括形状、匝数、尺寸、安装位置及部分电磁参数,使得血泵电机既满足了驱动要求又解决了温升问题。设计了血泵电机控制系统的硬件配置与软件架构。硬件配置包括控制器选择、电源管理、报警指示和紧急情况应对,特别针对血泵电机进行了驱动电路的设计;软件部分在经过需求分析后,设计了图形用户界面中的LCD显示和进行了上位机软件的开发。针对常规血泵控制系统只是对血泵电机转速的控制,提出了基于血泵输出压力和流量的工作点控制算法。根据受体不同的生理特征,以血压和供血量作为控制目标,实现血泵的自动控制。围绕所建立的控制系统,结合血流动力学和生理学,解决了不同受体控制参数的计算问题;利用神经网络算法对尚不能进行在线测定的血泵输出血压和流量进行了估算;对血泵三种工作状况提出了工作点控制算法、恢复控制算法和解除抽吸控制算法;为血泵转速控制设计了双闭环调速控制系统。对血泵及控制系统进行了一系列实验和仿真。包括驱动线圈反电势波形分析、血泵相电流与端电压分析、驱动线圈温升情况分析和控制系统性能仿真分析。结果表明,血泵性能达到要求,控制算法具备一定可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a means of effective treatment of heart disease, artificial heart research has been paid great attention by the medical profession at home and aboard. Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) as a branch of artifical heart research has been regarded as the mainstream of the future artifical heart due to its advantages. With LVAD as the research subject, this paper focuses on the drive technology and control strategy of blood pump. The results obtained include the following four parts:In the first part, the motor drive coil have been designed in terms of the characteristics of the blood pump. By comparison with traditional blood pump of LVAD, a new blood pump has been analysed with respect to specified performance and structural characteristics; The relevant parameters of the drive coil including shape, number of turns, size, installation location, and part of the electromagnetic parameters have been determined which not only meet the demand of drive capability but aiso overcome the temperature rise problem.In the second part, the hardware configuration and software structure of the blood pump motor control system have been built up. The hardware configuration includes the controller election, power management, alarm indication and emergency response, especially involving design of driver circuit for blood pump motor; On the other hand, after a detailed requirement analysis, the LCD display in the graphical user interface as well as upper machine software have been developed respectively.In the third part, a control algorithm has been provided base on operating point of both blood pump output pressure and flow rate in view of conventional control system for blood pump only dealing with blood pump motor speed. According to the physiological characteristics of different subjects, blood pressure and blood supply have been set which can be regarded as a control target to achieve automatic control for blood pump. By using knowledge of hemodynamics and physiology, the computation problem of different operating point for different subjects has been solved; Then blood pump output pressure and flow rate which is unavailable online are estimated in terms of neural network algorithms; Operating point control algorithm, recovering control algorithm and releasing suction control algorithm are represented for three different working conditions; Finally, double close-loop control system has been design to control the blood pump speed. In the fourth part, a series of blood pump experiments and control system simulations have been carried out, including the drive coil back EMF waveform analysis, the phase current and terminal voltage analysis, the drive coil temperature rise analysis and three control algorithms simulation. It has been shown that the blood pump performance and the control algorithms have meet the requirements.更多还原