任应秋关于脉法的学术思想整理及其传承方法探讨

【作者】 周李倩；

【导师】 陈家旭； 任廷革；

【作者基本信息】 北京中医药大学 ， 中医诊断学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 中医药学是中华民族的传统优秀文化,要发展中医药事业,实现中医药现代化,使之全面走向世界,其核心任务就是中医药学术的继承和创新。名老中医的学术思想代表着中医学术发展的最高水平,是中医学的宝贵财富。开展名老中医学术思想和技术专长经验传承工作,不仅是为了抢救、保存和继承一批老中医的宝贵经验,而且有利于培养具有流派特色和技术专长的高层次中医药人才。传承名老中医的学术思想,加速培养当代名医,是加快中医药事业发展与创新的重要捷径。为深入贯彻“名医、名科、名院”发展战略,北京市中医管理局已启动“名老中医药专家学术思想抢救挖掘与优秀传承人才培养联动工程”(简称“薪火传承3+3工程”)。为此,任应秋名医工作室启动了“任应秋学术思想的整理和研究”工作,本课题是“任应秋学术思想的整理和研究”的一部分。1.目的将名老中医学术思想传承和信息技术结合,探索名老中医学术思想传承的新方法：利用数据库技术,实现学术思想的数字化和系统化整理,使名老中医学术思想得以快速、广泛的继承,让更多学习者受益。2.方法与结果2.1方法从任应秋关于脉法的学术思想入手,全面而系统的整理有关脉法的文献资料,然后将文献资料数字化,设计并建立任应秋关于脉法研究的学术思想主题数据库。2.2结果2.2.1任应秋关于脉法的学术思想整理本课题首次对任应秋有关脉法的学术特点和学术成就进行了全面的分析以及系统的整理,并归纳出其有关脉法的学术思想体系。任应秋有关脉法学术思想的渊源与特点主要表现在以下几个方面：学医以经典启蒙；践行中医科学化；主张系统学习基础理论；反复研究经典理论。任应秋研究脉法的学术成就体现在理论学习研究、文献分类研究和临床研究三个方面,其中最突出的成就是文献分类研究方面。理论学习研究主要表现在脉学源流、脉象的分类、脉象的生理病理、切脉的时间等的认识和脉法学习方法的研究。文献分类研究表现在对《伤寒论》脉证进行了系统化整理,对《伤寒论》的398条条文进行筛选、分类,总结出脉证并举的条文有135条,共叙述了58种脉象,包括单种脉象19种,相兼脉象39种,分见于104证候。并对每种脉象所主病因病机进行分析。在临床方面,任老善于脉证结合诊断疾病,并且能灵活运用经方,疗效显著。以上这些学术成就构成了任应秋治脉学的思想体系。2.2.2任应秋关于脉法的学术思想传承方法探讨名老中医学术思想的传承方法主要有师徒传授、传统的文献研究和中医药信息数字化三种模式。师徒传授的传承方法虽然历史悠久但存在其局限性,在教育的数量上得不到保障。传统的文献研究方法需要大强度的劳动且费时较多,可重复性和推广性较差。利用中医药信息数字化的传承方式虽然较为理想,但是当前还不能完全解决符合中医特点的名老中医学术思想的传承问题。目前中医药学术发展的最大难题仍然是如何将名老中医专家的学术思想继承下来。随着计算机技术的发展和信息时代的迈进,信息资源的开发和利用将起到越来越重要的作用。中医药的各个领域几乎都应用了信息技术。例如中医药信息数字化建设、医疗信息化建设、教育信息化建设等等。名老中医学术思想的传承应该寻找新的思路,探索新的方法,将信息技术发展的先进成果利用进来。任应秋有关脉法的学术思想主题数据库的设计与实现。首先是系统化的整理任应秋有关脉法的文献资料,然后将文献资料数字化,设计并建立任应秋关于脉法研究的主题数据库。该数据库全面承载任应秋有关脉法的学术思想,数据库的模式以及数据库内的数据,均可用于其他数据库或软件系统的开发。3.结论任应秋对脉法的研究非常深入,尤其对《伤寒论》的脉法研究相当全面和系统,其学术思想的形成虽有自身的渊源与特点,但其研究方法和研究成果值得我们进一步学习,在研究成果上也值得我们继承和发扬。在传承方法的探索中,任应秋关于脉法的学术思想主题数据库实现了数字化和系统化整理,为更深入更全面地研究任应秋学术思想打下基础,为任应秋学术思想学习系统的实现提供依据,其方法可推广用于其他名老中医学术思想的传承。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional Chinese medicine is the excellent traditional culture of China, the core mission of develop and achieve modernization and fully to the world of TCM is to inheritance and innovate of TCM. The academic thinking of old TCM famous doctors represents the highest level of academic development of TCM, and is a valuable asset of TCM. Carry out the job of inheritance academic and technical expertise experience of old TCM famous doctors, not only to rescue, preserve and inheritance the valuable experience of a group of old TCM famous doctors, but also helpful to develop the person with ability of TCM which have Featured Schools and technical expertise with high-level professionals. Inheritance of the academic thinking of old TCM famous doctors, speed up to training the TCM famous doctors of contemporary, is the shortcut to speed up development and innovation in the TCM industry. To better implement the "famous doctors, famous subject, famous hospital" development strategy, the Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine has started, "mining rescue and heritage the academic thought of old TCM famous doctors and excellent successors personnel training linkage project" (the "Passing on the heritage project 3+3 "). To this end, the studio of Renyingqiu doctor start "the collation of academic thought and research of Renyingqiu", and this topic is a part of "the collation of academic thought and research of Renyingqiu".1. ObjectiveLink the inheritance academic thought of the old TCM famous doctors and information technologies to explore new method of inheritance academic thought of TCM famous doctors:use the database technology, Digitized and systematic sorting the academic thought, make the academic thought of the old TCM famous doctors to be rapid and extensive inheritance, to enable more learners benefit.2. Methods and Results2.1 MethodsFrom the academic thought on the pulse method of Renyingqiu to start, comprehensive and systematic sorting the literature on pulse method, and then digitized literature, design and build up the database about the academic thought of Renyingqiu.2.2 Results2.2.1 Sorting of the academic thought on the pulse method of RenyingqiuThis topic comprehensive analysis and systematic sorting the academic thought on the pulse method of Renyingqiu for the first time, and sum up the pulse method on the academic ideology.The Academic Origin and characteristics about Pulse method of Renyingqiu can be summarized as follows:Medical treatment from the classic enlightenment; practice the TCM of scientific medicine; advocate systematic study of basic theory; repeated study the classical theory.The scholarship of pulse method of Renyingqiu should be reflected in three aspects which was the theoretical study of academic research, classification of the literature research and clinical research, which focus on classification of the literature research.Theoretical study mainly reflected in the recognize of the origin of pulse method, the classification of pulse, pulse of the physiological and pathological, the time of Qiemo,and the book knowledge about the pulse method of learning and so on.Classification of literature research reflected in systematic sorting the pulse expression in <Treatise about the typhoid>, sorting one hundred thirty-five pulse expression and symptom in three hundred ninety-eight which mention in<Treatise about the typhoid>,and divided it into fifty-eight kinds of pulse expression and one hundred and four kinds of syndrome. And analysis the pathogeny for each pulse expression.In the clinical, Renyingqiu was good at combine the pulse expression and syndrome to diagnose disease, and can use the classical prescriptions to make a medical treatment follow the pulse expression and syndrome, which had remarkable effect.Hereinbefore scholarship constitutes the think system of the pulse method of Renyingqiu.2.2.2 Discuss inheritance the academic thought on the pulse method of RenyingqiuThe method of inheritance the academic thought of old TCM famous doctors including apprenticeship teaching, traditional philology sort out and old TCM famous doctors expert database system three forms. "Apprenticeship teaching" model has its limitation, both quantity and quality of education can hardly be guaranteed. The traditional philology sort out needs high-intensity labor and time consuming, not easy for repeatability and promotion. The old TCM famous doctors expert database system is an ideal method of transmission, but can not completely solve the problem that inheritance the academic thought of old TCM famous doctors the with characteristics fit for TCM at this stage. How to inheritance the academic thought of old TCM famous doctors is still the biggest problem in development of TCM. Community is moving to the information age, development and utilization of information resources also play an increasingly important role. In almost all areas of TCM application of information technology. For example, the construction of digital information in TCM, medical information technology, education information technology and so on. The inheritance academic thought of old TCM famous doctors should look for new ideas, explore new methods, to let the development of advanced information technology come in use. Design and implementation the academic database on the pulse method of Renyingqiu. The first is a systematic collation of literature about pulse method of Renyingqiu, and then digitized literature, design and build the academic database about pulse method of Renyingqiu. The database overall load pulse method of Renyingqiu completely, the database model and database data can be used for other database or software system development.3. ConclusionRenyingqiu research on the pulse method is very thorough, especially for the<Treatise about the typhoid> pulse method is comprehensive, the formation of the academic thought although had their origins and characteristics, but in the research method merits worth to further study, the result of the research also should inherit and carry forward. In the exploration of inheritance, the academic thought on the pulse method of Renyingqiua had been digitized and systematic form, as a deeper and more complete study the academic thought on the pulse method of Renyingqiua lay the foundation, for the academic thought on the pulse method of Renyingqiua system implementation to provide the basis, the method can. be extend for using in inheritance the academic thought of other old TCM famous doctors.更多还原