【作者】 吴哲；

【导师】 岳跃；

【作者基本信息】 西南大学 ， 伦理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 《论语》诚信思想形成于礼崩乐坏、诸侯争霸、天下大乱的春秋时期。这一时期,随着由重神向重人社会思潮的兴起,在社会伦理道德领域,一方面是“强劫弱”、“诈谋愚”,欺诈盛行,另一方面是讲信义、重道德,信誉立身,《论语》诚信思想正是这一时代重人伦、重道德思想的概括和总结。《论语》诚信思想渊源于“允”、“孚”等殷商、西周原初诚信思想,是祭祀与盟誓、由神而民的继承与发展。鲁国丰厚的周文化资源,是《论语》诚信思想形成的重要思想条件。孔子以“性相近也,习相远也”作为人性依据,这种以生论性的人性观,突出强调诚信道德的培养在于人后天的自觉自律和教育教化。《论语》诚信思想的主要内容包括诚信是个体安身立命的基础,诚信是处理人际关系的根本要求,诚信是为政治国的基本原则。《论语》诚信思想的主要特征表现在：“诚”的内涵和意义以“敬”、“忠”为表现形式,“诚”寓于“信”中,“诚”是《论语》伦理道德思想的基石,“义”是《论语》诚信思想的价值标准和价值取向。《论语》诚信思想具有深远的历史影响和重要的现实意义。从历史来看,《论语》诚信思想奠定了儒家诚信思想的雏形,是封建统治者进行政治治理的重要手段,是封建社会不少商贾恪守的经商原则,更是中华民族的传统美德,是中华民族共同的心理归趋。从现实来看,我国现阶段在政治、经济、文化教育等领域都不同程度存在着诚信缺失的情况.《论语》诚信思想的合理成分,对于我国社会主义市场经济建设,对于我国诚信政府和领导干部诚信道德建设,对于社会主义核心价值观的形成,对于社会主义和谐社会的构建,都具有重要的借鉴作用和促进作用。根植于小农经济和宗法社会的《论语》诚信思想,具有明显的理论缺陷和历史局限性,主要表现为：具有强烈的自律倾向,忽视外在的约束和规范;具有浓厚的、单向的情感特征,缺乏平等的、理性的要求；具有明显的道德理想主义价值追求,缺乏法律规范的刚性制约。只有实现《论语》诚信思想的现代转型,做到自律与他律、情感与理性、价值理性与工具理性的统一,才能使《论语》诚信思想走向市场、走向现代、走向世界。更多还原

【Abstract】 The credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> was developed during the Spring and Autumn Period when etiquette and ethic code were violated, the princes vied for supremacy and the whole nation was in a state of chaos.During this period, with the prevailing social ideological trend that turned to regard people highly from the worship of gods, on the one hand cheating and dishonesty like"the strong robbing the weak"and "the stupid were being cheated" were widespread across the social ethic area, on the other hand the trend of thought was on good faith and ethics, which aimed to build credibility. The credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> was originated from the idea such as "promise"and "trustworthiness" of the Dynasty Shang and Xi Zhou, which was related to the worship and oath to ancestors or gods. It was thus the inheritance and development from the worship of gods to the human being. The rich culture resources of the Zhou Dynasty in the State of Lu was the most important preconditions for the establishment of credibility thoughts of the<Analects of Confucius〉."By nature, men are nearly alike, by practice, they get to be wide apart" was the basis of the Confusians humanity thought. This ideology based on human nature attached great importance to the cultivation of the credibility ethics.which was later developed by means of self-consciousness, self-discipline, education and enlightenment.The credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> mainly includes: Credibility is the base for any individual to settle and survive in a society; Credibility is the essential need for people to handle interpersonal relatioship,and credibility is the fundamental principle for people to rule a country and to be in politics.The main characteristics of the credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> includes:the conotation and the implication of "honesty" is represented in the form of "respect" and "loyalty". "Honesty" is implied and resides in"trustworthiness". Thus, "Honesty"is the foundation of the moral and ethic thought of the<Analects of Confucius> while "Integrity" is the value standard and benchmark of the credibility thought of the <Analects of Confucius>.The credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> has its profound historical impacts and great realistic significance.From the history perspective, credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> was the primitive form of the credibility thinking of the Confucianism, an important means of political governance by the feudal rulers and a basic commercial and business principle for many merchants to observe in the feudal society. Moreover, it is the traditional virtue and the common psychological belongings of the Chinese nation. From the reality perspective, there exists varying degrees of credibility loss in the domains of politics, economy, culture, education and other fields in current China. The reasonable element of the credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> has the key reference and promoting role to play for building up the Chinese socialist market economy, for setting up the credibility ethics of the honest government and the leadership, for shaping the core values of the socialism,and for the establishment of the socialist harmonious society.Rooted in the small-scale farmer economy and patriarchal society, the credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius> has its obvious theoretical drawback and historical limitations. The main restraints are the following:It has strong self-discipline inclination that ignores the external constraints and norms; It has strong and single-sided emotional feature which results in the lack of equal and rational needs; It has the clear pursuit of the ethical idealist value which results in the lack of legal norm restrictions. Only by realizing the modern transformations of the credibility thought of the<Analects of Confucius>, by integrating self-discipline with discipline,sensibility with rationality, and value rationality with instrumental rationality can the<Analects of Confucius> move towards the market,towards modernization and towards the world.更多还原