【作者】 刘柱；

【导师】 佴磊；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 地质工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等突发性地质灾害是危害人类安全的自然灾害,尤其是滑坡灾害,在我国分布广,危害大,严重威胁人民群众的生命和财产安全。块裂结构岩体在自然界中分布广泛,块裂结构岩体边坡的滑坡发生也十分频繁。随着我国国民经济的飞速发展,铁路、公路、水利水电等基础设施的建设速度越来越快,人们将越来越多的遇到有关块裂岩质边坡的滑坡问题。论文将以集安至丹东公路为依托对块裂结构岩质边坡的破坏机制和锚固机理进行研究。集安至丹东公路是联系吉林省集安市和辽宁省丹东市的重要交通通道。该段公路位于老岭以南,属于山岭重丘区,且位于鸭绿江岩石圈大断裂附近,节理裂隙比较发育。由于修建公路时对边坡的开挖以及施工时产生的爆破震动等影响,使公路沿线在运营期间出现了多处的滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害。通过野外地质调查、采集岩石样本、地质测绘、勘探等手段,对公路K6+606-K6+646段和K7+920-K8+244段块裂结构边坡的工程地质条件进行详细分析,总结了块裂结构边坡的特征及其分析程序,在此基础上提出了块裂结构岩质边坡的破坏机制。通过室内试验和反分析等方法得到了边坡的物理力学参数,建立边坡的地质模型和力学模型,利用目前广泛应用的极限平衡法对这两段块裂结构边坡的稳定性进行了定量评价。最后利用数值模拟软件FLAC3D模拟了K7+920-K8+244段的X2楔形体滑动,对楔形体的滑动破坏机制做了进一步的验证。对于主要沿软弱结构面滑动而破坏的块裂结构岩质边坡,预应力锚固是一种十分有效的治理措施。锚杆支护是一种主动支护,对岩体扰动较小。采用锚杆对边坡进行加固,不仅占地少,安全可靠,施工速度快,还可以能充分发挥岩土体的自承能力,节省工程费用,因此锚固支护在块裂结构岩质边坡治理中得到越来越广泛的应用。论文根据块裂岩质边坡的破坏机制和岩土锚固原理,分析了块裂岩质边坡的锚固机理。结合锚固设计的原则和设计方法,针对K6+606-K6+646段和K7+920-K8+244段块裂结构边坡的稳定性、地形条件、破坏规模和潜在滑坡面等情况,对这两段边坡进行了锚固设计。最后利用FLAC3D对锚固效果做了数值模拟,通过比较不同锚固角,不同锚固段长度的对边坡稳定性的影响以进一步分析块裂结构岩质边坡的锚固机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Collapse, landslide, debris flow and other geological disasters are natural disasters which sudden against human security, particularly landslides, widely distributed in China, against a large, serious threat to people’s lives and property.Block crack rock mass distribute widely in the nature, and landslides of block crack rock mass slope are also very frequent. With the rapid development of China’s national economy, infrastructure such as railway, highway, and hydropower is faster and faster, people will encounter on more and more landslides of block cracking rock slope.The failure mechanism and the mechanism of anchoring of block cracking rock mass slope will be studied on the base of the slopes along Ji’an-Dandong highway in this article.The highway from Ji’an to Dandong is the vital communication line connecting Ji’an city of Jilin Province and Dandong city of Liaoning Province.This rode is in the south of Laoling, belonging to mountain terrain, and near to the geosphere fracture zone of Yalu river,so joints are relatively developed. Since the unreasonable excavation of slopes and the basting vibration during the construction of the highway, a lot of landslides, collapses and other geological disasters have accurred in many places along the road.The failure mechanism of block cracking rock mass slope is put forward, basing on the detailed analysis of engeineering geological conditiongs of the block cracking slopes in the sections of K6+606-K6+646 and K7+920-K8+244 along the road through field investigation, collecting rock samples, geological mapping, prospecting and other means, in addition, the characteristics and analytical procedures of block cracking rock slope are summarized.The physical and mechanical parameters of the slopes have been gained through test method and back analysis, and the geological models and mechanical models have been established, too. In addition, the block cracking rock mass slopes stability of the two sections has been quantitatively evaluated through the limit equilibrium method used widely. Finally, X2 wedge’s slide in the section of K7+920-K8+244 is simulated by FLAC3D a numerical simulation software. The failure mechanism of the sliding wedge is vertifide furture.The prestressed anchor is a very effective treatment measure in the block cracing rock mass slope which is mainly damaged along weak structural planes. Bolt support is an active support, and it disturbs the rock mass little.Slope reinforcement whit bolts, not only occupies less, which is safe and reliable, but also can make full use of the self-bearing capacity of the rock mass. Moreover, it can accelerate construction progress and reduce project cost.Therefore, anchor support is more and more widely used in the block cracking rock mass slope.The anchoring mechanism and the various factors affecting the anchoring effect have been analysed on the base of the failure mechanism of block cracking rock slope and rock anchoring principle in the paper. The principles of anchor design have been put forward. Combined with anchorage design principles and methods, the anchorage design of K6+606-K6+646 and K7+920-K8+244 sections’block cracking rock mass slopes has been made, according to the slopes’stability,terrain conditions, the scale and potential landslides damaged surface,etc.Finally,the numerical simulation of the anchoring effect has been made too. The anchoring mechanism of the block cracking rock mass slope is analysed futher by comparing the different anchoring effects in different anchoring angles, different bolt lengehs.更多还原