【作者】 刘妍；

【导师】 刘首华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,伴随着我国的社会转型和高等教育体制的市场化改革,高校毕业生就业政策也由计划经济体制下的“统包统分”向市场经济体制下的“双向选择、自主择业”转变,大学生就业难问题日益凸显,日益成为与经济社会发展不协调的重大问题。大学生就业难问题综合了当前就业、教育等领域的一系列深层次矛盾,是关乎国计民生的社会问题,引起了全社会的关注和重视。毋庸置疑,大学生就业难与社会环境、经济发展、教育体制和就业机制等有着密切联系,市场经济体制下的“自主择业”充满了竞争与压力,经济危机的爆发加剧了就业问题的严峻程度,但同时也要看到,传统的择业观念和择业行为才是导致大学生就业难的重要因素。本文运用思想政治教育学、社会学的基本原理,采取文献检索、调查问卷等方法,分析阐述社会转型背景下大学生择业观念与择业行为的理论与现实问题。文章以社会转型为背景,以解决大学生就业难问题为目的,首先对社会转型的概念和特征作出阐述,并且叙述了中国社会转型的内容和特征,提出社会转型过程中各方面因素对大学生择业观念与择业行为的影响,以及此时大学生择业面临的机遇和挑战;其次,通过对择业观念和择业行为概念的界定,提出传统的择业观念与择业行为是大学生就业的瓶颈,并在对调查问卷的分析、整理的基础上,进一步总结出社会转型背景下大学生择业观念与择业行为的现状和特点;最后,分别对“自主择业”和“自主创业”进行理论理解和意义阐述,指出“自主择业”是大学生就业的必然趋势,“自主创业”是解决大学生就业的根本出路,同时,提出各方面的影响因素和指导对策,得出最后的结论,即:解决大学生就业难问题的根本途径就是引导大学生转变传统的择业观念和择业行为,形成与社会转型相适应、符合教育体制改革现状和“自主择业”“自主创业”的择业观念和择业行为。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays , With the society transition abstract and the reform of Education system , College graduates’ employment policy were change from under the planning economic system that integrates the undertake to Under the market economic system, the two-way choice, self-dependent career choice. Thus, College students’ employment difficult problem is getting worse, Become the uncoordinated significant problems with the economic and social development. College students’ employment problem based on the current employment, comprehensive education and other areas of some column, which shall be deep contradictions and the people’s livelihood social problems, caused the concern of the whole society and attention. No doubt, college students employment and social environment, economic development and education system and employment mechanism are closely linked, the marketing economy system " independent job-hunting " full of competition and pressure, economic crisis intensifies the employment problem serious degree, but also want see traditional their ideas and behavior is lead to college students’ employment difficult important factors.This article utilizes the thought politics pedagogy, the sociological basic principle, adopts methods and so on literature search, questionnaire, the analysis elaborated that under the social reforming background the university student chooses profession the idea and the behavior theory and the realistic question. The article take social reforming as a background, take solves the university student to get employed the difficult question as the goal, first makes the elaboration to the social reforming concept and the characteristic, and narrated the Chinese society reforming content and the characteristic, proposed that in the social reforming process various aspects factor chooses profession the idea to the university student and the behavior influence, as well as this time university student chooses profession the opportunity which and the challenge faces; Secondly, through to their ideas and improper behavior, puts forward the definition of traditional ideas and behaviors in the employment is the bottleneck of university students’ employment, and in the questionnaire analysis, arrangement, and on the basis of further summed up under the background of social transformation ideas and students’ choice status and the characteristics of the improper behavior; Finally, to " independent start of an undertaking " and " independent start of an undertaking " explained, " independent start of an undertaking " is the inevitable trend of college students’ employment, " independent start of an undertaking " is used to solve the fundamental way of university students’ employment, At the same time, puts forward the factors and guidance, it is concluded that the final conclusion countermeasures, i.e., solve the difficult problem of university students’ employment is the basic way to transform traditional guide college students employment idea and behavior, formation and social transformation, accord with education system to adapt the reform situation and " independent job-hunting " " independent start of an undertaking " their ideas and behaviors.更多还原