【作者】 张毅；

【导师】 仝晰纲；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 专门史， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 矿冶业在我国有着悠久的历史,对矿冶业的研究是中国经济史的重要组成部分。宋元时期矿冶业成为山东地区重要的手工业部门,直接推动着当时山东区域经济的发展。山东冶矿的开采在宋元时期颇具优势,尤以金、铁生产最为有名,这一时期的山东经济与全国经济发展趋势基本吻合,但受地区因素及其他各种社会因素的影响,又有着明显的区域特点。本文在广泛收集材料的基础上,吸收前人的研究成果,利用矿冶史与地方史研究相结合的方法,主要通过以下六个部分来探讨宋元时期山东地区的矿冶业。第一章主要概括分析了宋元时期山东地区主要矿产的分布、产量和相应的政府管理。古代山东地区的矿产分布相对集中,矿产特色明显,带有明显的地域性特征;同时由于宋元时期政治动荡相应制约了山东地区矿冶业经济的发展。第二章分别就金矿和铁矿展开探讨,对宋元时期山东地区的矿业开采冶炼生产技术进行了研究。重点介绍了宋元时期山东地区在开矿、采煤、冶炉、鼓风等方面的进步,最后还对农具制作的改进作了介绍。第三章探讨了宋元时期山东地区矿冶业内部几种不同的生产方式、分配方式,并简要分析了诸生产分配方式对矿冶业发展所起的不同作用。第四章重点结合现存山东文物讲述了宋元时期山东地区的冶铸业。文章通过一些冶铸遗址介绍了该时期山东地区铁器制造业发展状况。第五章围绕山东地区流行的矿冶业行业神分析了宋元时期山东地区的矿冶业信仰文化。重点介绍了一些宋元时期山东地区的矿冶碑,以及说明了行业神崇拜的影响。第六章主要论述了矿产品的流通及对山东区域经济发展的影响。首先探讨了宋元时期存在着金、银和铁的禁榷与通商政策。其次说明了矿产品开采流通对山东区域经济和环境发展的影响。总之,宋元时期山东地区的矿产以金矿和铁矿为主,主要的两大矿产分布相对集中。金矿基本分布在山东的鲁西和胶东地区,而铁矿则以当时的兖州莱芜监为主。山东地区的矿冶业发展随着政治局势的发展具有断续性。尽管山东地区的矿产开采冶炼一度在宋朝居于全国领先地位,但是我们也应该看到限于当时政治情况,特别是北宋末年开始山东地区所在的华北平原成为宋、金、蒙等各种政治力量不断角逐争夺的主要战场,经济受到极大破坏,矿冶业也一度中断。直到元朝中期稳定下来后,随着相应政策的出台,山东的矿产开采才取得了恢复。山东东矿冶业的研究不仅为全面了解宋元时期山东的经济增加一个视角而且对于今天矿冶业的管理也会起到以史为鉴、趋利避害的作用,有利于促进山东矿冶业的持续、协调、稳定发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The industry of mining and casting in China has a long history ,reasearches on the industry of mining and casting are very important for the history of Chinese economy. The mining and casting has become an important handicraft sector in Shandong region during the Song and Yuan dynasty, and promotes the economic development in Shandong region directly. The ore extraction of Shandong has an advantage in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, especially gold, iron production of the most famous, The trend of Shandong economy and the national economic tally basically during this period, But subjects to local factors and other social factors, there was a clear regional characteristic. In this paper, based on the extensive collection of materials, absorbs previous research results, through the methods of mining history and local history combined,this thesis makes studies of mining and casting in Shandong Region during the Song and Yuan dynasty from six aspects.The first chapter summarizes the distribution and yield of the major mineral,and the appropriate government. Distribution of mineral resources in Shandong Province in ancient is intensive, mineral characteristics significantly, with obvious regional characteristics, At the same time because of political unrest which restrictes the development of Shandong regional economy.The second part has explorations of technology of the industry of mining and casting in Song and Yuan Dynasty.It also introduces the progress of technologies of metal mining,coal mining,furnace and blasting made in Song and Yuan Dynasty.The third chapter deals with the different mode of production and distribution in mining industry of Song and Yuan dynasty in Shandong region.in this chapter,it also analyzes that different modes of management have different effects on the development of mining industry. Chapter IV tells the smelting of Shandong in Song and Yuan Dynasties combining the existing Heritage. The article describes the development of iron manufacturing industries through a number of smelting sites in this period.Chapter V analyzes the religious culture of mining and metallurgical industry around the several industries God in Shandong region. Highlights some mining monuments in Shandong region during the Song and Yuan dynasty,and explains the influence of industry worship. Part VI discusses the flow of mineral products and the impact on regional economic development. First, discusses the existence of gold, silver, iron and trade policy prohibiting in Song and Yuan dynasty, Secondly, illustrates the impace of mineral exploitation and flow on the economy and the environment..In short, Shandong’s minerals by gold ore and iron ore primarily in Song and yuan dynasties, The main two minerals’s distribution is relatively concentrated. The basic distribution in shandong gold deposit jiaodong area while egular and iron ore criterion with was mainly of yanzhou laiwu prison. The mining and metallurgy industry development in shandong district with the political development of the situation has discontinuity. The mineral mining smelting in shandong district in song dynasty were at a leading position in the country, but we should also see limited to the then social limitations. Especially in late northern song dynasty Shandong district which is in the north China plain have become Various kinds of political power for the main battlefield for continuously, economic get great destruction, Mining and metallurgy industry has also been interrupted. Until the yuan dynasty medium-term stabilized, Along with the corresponding policies in the mineral mining, shandong acquired the recovery.Shandong mining and casting industry not only adds a perspective of Shandong’s economy,but also will undoubtedly play a draw lessons from history, the role of profit and avoid loss, It is conducive to promoting sustainable mining and metallurgical industry in Shandong, coordination, stability and development.更多还原