【作者】 张建华；

【导师】 宋选民；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 神东矿区煤炭资源丰富,是我国重要的商品煤基地。煤层埋藏特点为浅埋深、薄基岩、上覆厚松散层。生产实践表明神东矿区长壁工作面开采过程中矿压显现剧烈,易出现顶板台阶下沉、工作面溃水溃沙灾害。本文根据神东矿区特殊地质条件,以大柳塔煤矿为原型,通过现场调研与观测,理论分析等手段,总结了浅埋煤层矿压显现特点并分析了原因,深入研究了浅埋煤层安全开采界限问题,对该地质条件下支架选型及合理工作阻力做出了评价与预测。同时建立工作面长度理论模型对工作面长度参数进行优化。通过研究得出以下结论：1)通过对大柳塔22614工作而的现场观测,总结了薄基岩浅埋煤层工作面矿压显现规律及影响因素,分析了基岩厚度变化剧烈、基岩厚度超薄的特殊区域矿压显现规律。2)建立了薄基岩条件下顶板灾害、溃水溃沙灾害基岩临界厚度理论模型,对安全开采界限进行划分,提出了安全开采对策及相关技术措施。为相似地质条件下安全开采提供了参考。3)根据不同基岩厚度建立4种支架-围岩力学模型,对22614及相邻工作面合理工作阻力进行预测,并通过现场观测结果进行评价。为支架选型和工作阻力参数确定提供了依据。4)基于大采高工作面长度理论对大柳塔矿薄基岩工作面长度参数进行计算,并结合实际开采情况对其验证评价。为薄基岩工作面长度优化提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With abundant coal resources, the Shendong Mining Area is an important commercial coal base of China.Coal seams are buried in characteristics shallow burial and thin bedrock, covered thick loose rock.The production practice shows that strata behaviors appear violent inlongwall coal mining process. The working face easily appears to such disasters as sinking of roof step and inrush of water or sand in Shendong Mining Area.Based on special geological conditions of the Shendong Mining Area and Daliuta mine, this paper summarizes characteristics of strata behaviors of shallow seam and analyses the causes by site investigating and observing. Through further study of the shallow burial mining coal seams intermixed security boundaries, forecasting assessment about supports’type and rational working resistance of this geological condition are made. A length theoretical model of working face is established to optimize the length. After the study, this dissertation draws conclusions as follow:1)Through field observation of 22614 working face in Daliuta coal mine, the strata behaviors of working face and influencing factors are summarized in shallow seam under thin base rock, the strata behaviors in special areas where the violent changes of bedrock thickness is thin are analyzed.2) Based on the thin bedrock, theoretical model of critical thickness of roof disaster and water or sand bursting disaster is established, safety mining boundary and measures is divided and raised. We provide reference to similar geologic conditions of safety mining.3) According to various thickness of bedrock,4 mechanical models of ’support --surrounding rock" are set up. We forecast reasonable working resistance of 22614 working face and adjacent working face, and evaluate models with observation results. It is expected that it can provide the foundation for selecting support’s type and confirming working resistance.4) Based on the length theory of working face in large mining height, length parameters of thin bedrock workface is calculated and the evaluation is verified practical mining conditions. References to the length optimization of thin bedrock workface are provided.更多还原