【作者】 邹一旻；

【导师】 吴克宁；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质大学（北京） ， 土地资源管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 耕地质量事关我国的粮食安全大局,但耕地管理中重数量控制,轻质量管理问题日益凸显。如何科学地对耕地质量变化进行研究,已成为当前国土资源管理工作的迫切需求。本文以黑龙江省海伦市为例,以农用地分等成果为基础,从引起耕地等别变化的土地整理区提升耕地等别、土地开发补充耕地、新增建设占用耕地等三大诱因入手,分析了海伦市耕地等别、产能变化及空间分布情况,系统研究县域耕地等别变化规律,为耕地资源高效集约和可持续利用,实现由土地数量管理转为土地数量质量并重管理提供决策依据。研究结果表明:海伦市2000年至2020年,新增建设共占用耕地2928.09公顷,导致耕地理论产能减少3.44万吨,可实现产能减少2.88万吨,实际产能减少1.03万吨;海伦市土地开发新增耕地共895.15公顷,共补充耕地地块98块,自然质量等别判定为7-10等,利用等判定为6-8等,经济等判定为5-8等;海伦市土地整理区整理前后耕地质量等提升了1-2等,利用等和经济等提升了1-3等,耕地级别提升了1-5级。整个县域范围内,自然质量等9等地面积增加了5118.91公顷,6、7、8等地面积均减少;利用等7、8、9等分别增加3002.47公顷、3882.42公顷及210.79公顷,5、6等地分别减少1964.24公顷和6297.67公顷;经济等5、9等面积分别减少9511.21公顷和1.21公顷,6、7、8等地面积分别增加了74.54公顷、608.52公顷和663.15公顷。变化后县域耕地理论产能总和为3202468.05吨,可实现产能总和为3889148.31吨,其中,理论产能增加了7712.50吨,可实现产能增加了9889.45吨。结论认为:一、通过研究可以获得县域耕地等别变化的变化值及其变化趋势,对耕地质量变化获得宏观的认知,对耕地质量变化趋势做出初步的判断;二、海伦市整理区耕地质量等别的提升受光温生产潜力指数提高的影响显著,其他分等因素诸如黑土层厚度、有机质含量、质地、盐渍化程度及距障碍层深度等,整理前后分值变化不大,对耕地等别的影响不明显;三、为获得更贴近真实状况的耕地质量变化信息,应同时对耕地等别和级别变化做研究分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Quality of cultivated land is related to the overall situation of China’s food.But the problerm that government focus on management of cultivated land quantity, ignoring the management of cultivated land quality has become increasingly prominent. How to scientifictly make the research on cultivated land quality gradation change has been a urgent need.In the land management of our government.This paper give the Hailun country Heilongjiang province for example,from three incentive that caused the farmland gradation change,analyzed the the HaiLun city farmland gradation and the change value and space distribution of the capacity change,studied the change before and after the land consolidation area tidied separately. The research provides decision-making basis for rational planning,management of farmland and strengthen farmland protection, to achieve intensive and efficiently utilization of land resources, to ensure the sustainable development of land resource,to achieve the management of land quantity converted to both quality and quantity of land management.The results of the study show that,from 2000 to 2020 the new construction occupied 2928.09 hectares of cultivated land,caused farmland theory productivity reduce 3.44 tons,realized the capacity reduce 2.88 million tons,the actual capacity reduced 1.03 million tons,the new farmland of HaiLun city land development is 895.15 hectares,replenished 98 pieces of land plot totally,the natural quality gradation judgement is 7-10,useful gradation is 6-8,economic gradation is 5-8.The quality gradation promoted 1-2,useful and economic promoted 1-3,cultivated land level promoted 1-5 levels after finishing farmland. In the all county,the area of natural quality gradation judgement of 9 has increased 5118.91 hectares, the area of gradation judgement of 6、7 and 8 all have decreased; The area of useful gradation of 7、8 and 9 have increased 3002.47 hectares,3882.42 hectares and 210.79 hectares,the area of gradation judgement of 5,6 have decreased 1964.24 hectares and 6297.67 hectares;The area of economic gradation of 5 and 9 have decreased 9511.21 hectares and 1.21 hectares, the area of gradation judgement of 6、7 and 8 have increased 74.54 hectares、608.52 hectares and 663.15 hectares.After chang, the farmland theory productivity of all county is 3202468.05 tons, realized the capacity of all county is 3889148.31 tons. the farmland theory productivity increased 7712.50 tons,the realized the capacity has increased 9889.45 tons.According to this study, there are four conclusions as following:First, the change value and change trend of County cultivated land, the macro-cognition of the change of cultivated land quality and the preliminary judgment of the change trend of cultivated land quality can be obtained from the study in below three aspects: the determination of the cultivated land grade before and after it is organized in the land arrangement area; the determination of the newly created farmlands grade during land development; the impact on farmlands production capacity by newly increased construction activities.Secondly, the upgrading of the farmlands quality in Hailun City is mainly affected by upgrading of the Index of Light and Temperature Production Potential ( ), there is no significant value change of other grading factors before and after they are organized, in return there is no obvious influence on farmlands quality grade.Third, to get more updated information of the change of farmlands quality, research and analysis should be undertaken upon farmlands grade transformation.更多还原