《管子》民本思想研究

【作者】 孔令俊；

【导师】 石向实；

【作者基本信息】 杭州师范大学 ， 中国哲学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 《管子》一书是汉代刘向整理编辑而成的。它虽非管仲所作,但记载了管仲的治国思想和事迹,阐发了管仲的主张,其中许多观点在今天仍具有现实意义。本论文研究目的是探寻《管子》民本思想的时代和思想背景,梳理《管子》民本思想的内容,发掘《管子》民本思想的现实价值。第一章研究《管子》民本思想的形成。《管子》民本思想的形成有其时代和文化背景的影响。生产力的提高、周室衰弱、阶级的变动以及人们对天、神的怀疑等都是《管子》民本思想形成的条件,还有齐国的国情也是重要因素。第二章梳理《管子》民本思想内容。主要内容分为三部分,分别讨论了《管子》自然历史观、《管子》民本思想核心、《管子》民本思想的实践。《管子》民本思想的哲学基础是“道”,以“道”推人事。在治国实践时要“尊道”、“循道”。“重民、爱民、顺民心”、“养民、富民、善分民”、“劝民、教民、使民知”是《管子》民本思想的核心。为了保证民本思想的落实,提出了“礼法并用,以法治国”,“尚贤使能”的治国方略。随后,还简要探讨了《管子》民本思想的贡献和局限性。第三章将《管子》民本思想与同时代的孔子、老子、墨子、韩非子、柏拉图思想进行比较,通过与他们思想不同之处的论述,可以更加清晰地看出《管子》民本思想的价值所在。《管子》所体现的中国传统的民本思想,对后来政治思想中民本理论的丰富和发展具有促进作用。第四章探讨《管子》民本思想的价值。分别探讨了由“唯天是从”到“人与天”、从“神本”到“民本”的哲学价值,挖掘其在人本管理、管理文化的管理学价值,还分析民本与民主的区别和联系以及加强社会主义建设。《管子》的民本思想,既源于历史,又基于现实,虽然在理论上不够精致与深刻,但仍然有其闪光点。研究它的民本思想,不仅具有学术价值,而且对当今的改革开放和社会主义建设提供有益的思想借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The book <Guan Zi> was arranged and compiled by Liu Xiang in Han dynasty. Although it was not written by Guan Zhong, the book recorded his ideology of how to run a state and his achievement and elaborated his proposition. There were many viewpoints also very significant in this society among the book.The research purpose of this thesis is to seek for the era and background of the ideology about civil basic to a country in the book <Guan Zi>, sort out the contents of ideology about the civil basic to a country, explore the modern value of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>.The first chapter is about the formation of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. The formation of this ideology had its influence came from background of era and culture, the improvement of productivity, the decline of Zhou dynasty, the change of social class and the suspect to the god, all this are the condition to the formation of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. Of course, the national condition of the country Qi was also an important factor.The second chapter sorts out the contents of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. It contains three parts, discussing the natural history of <Guan Zi>, the essence of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>, the practice of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. The philosophical basic of ideology about the civil basic to a country is "Tao", which can infer human’s affair. In the practice of running a state, we should respect and accord to Tao. Attaching importance to Tao is the essence of ideology about the civil basic to a country. In order to put ideology about the civil basic to a country into practice, this book suppose "running a state according to rite and law", "promoting talents" as the strategy of running a country. Next, this chapter expound the contributes and limits of ideology about the civil basic to a country.The third chapter compares the ideology about the civil basic to a country with Confucius, LaoZi, MoZi, HanZi and Bolatu. From these comparisons, we can clearly understand the value of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. The traditional ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi> is a stimulus to the development of ideology about the civil basic to a countryThe fourth chapter discusses the value of ideology about the civil basic to a country in <Guan Zi>. This chapter discusses the philosophical value from "only comply with the god" to "people and the god" and from "the god as the basic" to "the people as the basic" respectively and explores its managing value of manage according to the people’s need and the managing culture. It also analyzes the difference between "the people as basic" and democracy and how to strengthen socialist construction.The ideology about the civil basic to a country in<Guan Zi> came from history, and it also based on reality. Although it is not delicate and profound in theory, it contains flash point. Research for its ideology about the civil basic to a country in<Guan Zi>, not only has academic value, but also it is an ideological lesson to the reform and opening up and socialist construction today.更多还原