【作者】 杨霞；

【导师】 赵军宁；

【作者基本信息】 成都中医药大学 ， 药理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 益气养阴方由西洋参、生地黄、玉竹、山芝等组成,具有益气养阴生津、抗疲劳,增加机体运动能力的作用。益气补肾方由人参、菌灵芝、黄精等组成,具有益气补肾、调养五脏、延缓衰老、祛病延年的功能。两方均为补益剂,共同点在于都具有益气作用,两方不同点在于,益气养阴方还具有养阴的作用,临床上应用于运动性疲劳疾病,益气补肾方还具有补肾的作用,临床上应用于(预防)衰老疾病。本课题以中医药理论为指导,依据益气养阴方和益气补肾方的功效与应用,结合目前运动性疲劳和衰老的产生机制等方面的研究进展,采用现代药理学研究方法,观察益气养阴方和益气补肾方对环磷酰胺致小鼠免疫抑制的抵抗作用及对小鼠常压耐缺氧和断头后张口喘气时间的抗应激能力,同时分别采用运动性疲劳大鼠模型和自然衰老大鼠模型进一步探讨益气养阴方抗运动性疲劳机制及益气补肾方抗衰老机制。结果表明：1.益气养阴方和益气补肾方具有增强免疫作用：益气养阴方和益气补肾方均能提高环磷酰胺所致免疫抑制小鼠的胸腺指数,益气补肾方还能提高脾脏指数,两方药能明显抵抗免疫抑制剂环磷酰胺所致的免疫器官减重。2.益气养阴方和益气补肾方具有一定的抗应激耐缺氧作用：益气养阴方16.8g/kg、8.4 g/kg剂量组和益气补肾方14.28g/kg、7.14g/kg剂量组均能明显延长小鼠断头后的喘息时间,对脑缺血有保护作用,益气养阴方和益气补肾方各剂量组仅有延长小鼠耐常压缺氧时间的趋势,有一定增强动物机体应激能力的作用。3.益气养阴方抗运动性疲劳作用机制：(1)免疫器官脾、胸腺指数的影响：益气养阴方各剂量组胸腺指数和脾脏指数较模型组仅有升高的趋势。(2)对Hb的影响：益气养阴方6.68g/kg剂量组对运动性疲劳模型大鼠的Hb含量有显著提高的作用。(3)对代谢产物LD、NH3、BUN及相关酶CK、LDH的影响：益气养阴方各个剂量组对运动性疲劳模型大鼠LD、CK、NH3含量仅有下降的趋势,但能明显降低BUN含量、显著提高LDH含量。(4)干预内分泌T、C：益气养阴方各个剂量组对运动性疲劳模型大鼠的T含量有上升的趋势,而C含量显著下降,其中以13.36g/kg剂量作用为优。(5)对肌、肝糖原的影响：益气养阴方13.36g/kg剂量组能显著提高运动性疲劳模型大鼠的肌、肝糖原储量,改善能量代谢。(6)对肾、睾丸组织形态学的影响：益气养阴方对肾间质炎细胞浸润和纤维结缔组织增生有明显改善作用,而睾丸无明显变化。4.益气补肾方抗衰老作用机制：(1)对免疫器官胸腺、脾脏指数的影响：益气补肾方各剂量组对衰老模型大鼠胸腺和脾脏指数仅有升高的趋势。(2)对血细胞数量(WBC、RBC、HB、PLT)的影响：益气补肾方各剂量组对衰老模型大鼠的WBC、RBC、HB、PLT无影响。(3)对血脂(GLU、TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C)的影响：益气补肾方11.42g/kg、5.71 g/kg剂量组对衰老模型大鼠的TG含量有显著下降作用,而对GLU、TC含量无明显变化、对HDL-C含量有升高的趋势、对HDL-C含量有降低的趋势。(4)对老化代谢产物SOD、MDA、肝、脑脂褐质含量及相关酶MAO的影响：益气补肾方11!.42g/kg、5.71g/kg剂量能使衰老模型大鼠的SOD含量显著升高、而使MDA、MAO及肝、脑脂褐质含量显著下降。(5)对性激素T的影响：益气补肾方各个剂量组对衰老模型大鼠的T含量仅有升高的趋势。(6)对肾、睾丸组织形态学的影响：益气补肾方对睾丸部分曲细精管生精细胞缺如和间质纤维增生有明显改善作用,而肾无明显变化。以上结果提示,益气养阴方和益气补肾方具有较好的免疫调节、抗应激耐缺氧作用；益气养阴方有较好的抗运动性疲劳作用,其作用机制与提高Hb、T、LDH、肌、肝糖原含量和降低C、BUN含量有关；益气补肾方有良好的抗衰老作用,其作用机制与提高SOD含量、降低TG、MDA、MAO、肝脑脂褐质的含量有关。研究结果为益气养阴方和益气补肾方的功效及临床应用提供了一定的药理学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 YiQiYangYin Fang(益气养阴方),Be composed of American ginseng, fresh rehmannia root, Fragrant Solomonseal Rhizome, all-grass of snake foot clubmoss etc, has effects of supplementing qi and nourishing yin, promoting the production of body fluids and increasing exercise capacity. YiQiBuShen Fang(益气补肾方),Be composed of ginseng, Lucid Ganoderma, polygonatum sibiricum Delar etc, has effects of supplementing qi and tonifying kidney, nourishing body, delaying senescence and getting rid of illnesses. In addition to the common effect of supplementing qi, YiQiYangYin Fang has unique clinical application in exercise-induced fatigue disease because of its function of reinforcing yin. YiQiBuShen Fang is used for treating senescent diseases by reason of its function of invigorating kidney.Objective:the present study, using modern pharmacological techniques under the guideline of TCM theories, studied the immunoregulation and anti-stress, anti-hypoxia effects of YiQiYangYin Fang and YiQiBuShen Fang, and summarized the progress in the treatment of exercise-intrigued fatigue and senescence.We also investigated the sports fatigue antagonizing effect of YiQiYangYin Fang and anti-aging functions of YiQiBuShen Fang.Methods:The immunological studies were carried in mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide. The anti-stress and anti-hypoxia effects were evaluated in mice bearing hypoxia at normal pressure. Sport fatigue model and natural aging model were utilized to investigate the anti-fatigue of YiQiYangYi Fang.and anti-aging mechanisms of YiQiBuShen Fang.Results:1 Both prescription can obviously increase the thymus index and of the mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide, cunter the loss of weight of immunological organs caused by immunosuppressor such as cyclophosphamide, and thus enhance immunological activies.2 Both prescription possess anti-stress and anti-hypoxia properties. Gasp time of decapattive mice prolongation were observed in subgroups of 14.28g/kg and 7.14g/kg respectively, which is indicative of protcctive effect against cerebral ischemia. Subgroups of all doses showed a trend of lengthening the survival time of mice bearing hypoxia at normal pressure.3 The anti-fatigue mechanisms of YiQiYangYin Fang3.1 Effect against spleen indexa and thymus index showed an increasing trend with YiQiYangYinFan groups compared to the model group.3.2 Compared with the model group, YiQiYangYin Fang at 6.68 g/kg doses could significantly improve the content of Hb of the mice. It is suggested that the anti-fatigue effects of YiQiYangYin Fang was related to the improvement of Hb content.3.3 Compared with the model group, YiQiYangYin Fang at13.36,6.68 and 3.34g /kg doses could dramatically reduce BUN and increase LDH, but had the trend of decreasing LD,CK, NH3 of the mice. It is suggested that the anti-fatigue mechanism of YiQiYangYin Fang was related to reduce BUN and increase LDH.3.4 Compared with the model group, YiQiYangYin Fang atl3.36,6.68 and 3.34g /kg doses could remarkably decrease C, but have a trend of increasing T of the mice, the most significant effect was observed at 13.36g/kg dose level. It is suggested that the anti-fatigue mechanism of YiQiYangYin Fang was related to decrease C.3.5 Compared with the model group, YiQiYangYin Fang at13.36g/kg dose could dramatically increase the muscle and hepatic glycogen. It is suggested that the anti-fatigue mechanism of YiQiYangYin Fang was related to improve energy metabolism.3.6 Compared with the model group, YiQiYangYin Fang can obviously decrease the inflammatory cell infiltration of unilateral ureteral and stromal desmoplasia in kidney. There are no significant changes in testis on all the groups.4 The anti-aging mechanism of YiQiBuShen Fang4.1 Subgroups of all doses showed a trend of increasing the thymus index and spleen index of the mice.4.2 Compared with the model group, YiQiBuShen Fang had no effect on blood cell (WBC、RBC、Hb、PLT)4.3 Compared with the model group, YiQiBuShen Fang at 11.42 and5.71g/kg doses could significantly decrease TG.with no significant effect on GLU and TC, YiQiBuShen Fang Fang have the trend of increasing HDL-C and decreasing LDL-C,. It is suggested that the anti-aging mechanism of YiQiBuShen Fang was related to decrease TG.4.4 Compared with the model group, YiQiBuShen Fang Fang at 11.42 and 5.71g /kg doses could dramatically increase SOD while decreasing MDA,MAO and hepatic,brain lipofuscin. It is suggested that the anti-aging mechanism of YiQiBuShen Fang was related to increase SOD and decrease MDA,MAO and hepatic,brain lipofuscin.4.5 Compared with the model group, YiQiBuShen Fang had a T increasing trend.4.6 Compared with the model group, YiQiBuShen Fang can obviously decrease the deficiency of tubules seminiferous spermatogenic cell and stromal desmoplasia in testis.Conclusions:The result showed that YiQiYangYin Fang and YiQiBuShen Fang have immunoregulation and anti-stress, anti-hypoxia properties. Furthermore, YiQiYangYin Fang has the effect of anti-fatigue, the mechanism of which might be related to the increase of Hb, T, LDH and muscle and hepatic glycogen, and the decrease of BUN, C. while YiQiBuShen Fang has the effect of anti-ageing, the mechanism of which might be related to increase the content of SOD, and decrease the content of TG, MDA, MAO, and the hepatic and brain lipofuscin. All these results provided pharmacology basis for their efficiency and clinical application.更多还原