公共政策视野下的云南妇女健康问题研究

【作者】 李露丹；

【导师】 王燕飞；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 公共管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 云南是一个集边疆、民族、山区、贫困为一体的欠发达省份,妇女的健康状况和生存环境相对滞后。1994年开罗国际人口与发展大会和1995年的第四次世界妇女大会之后,从国家层面出台了一系列针对妇女基础健康的政策法规,实施了多项重大妇幼卫生公共项目,云南省结合省情实际也制定了相应的政策措施。通过十多年的政策覆盖和项目实施,云南省妇女健康水平得到了改善,妇幼卫生事业得到了较大的发展。但是由于受经济、社会发展水平的制约,云南省妇女健康发展还面临许多问题和困难,较全国平均水平和云南妇女发展规划目标还有较大差距。由此提出了如何运用公共政策干预手段缩小差距,解决问题的思考。本论文主要采用案例分析法、比较分析法和文献研究法。在对云南妇女发展规划监测统计数据分析和实地调研的基础上,运用公共政策的视角考察云南省妇女健康发展状况和公共管理绩效。通过对云南省妇女健康领域的重难点问题的现状描述,总结云南妇女健康领域取得的成就,并以政府实施的“降低孕产妇死亡率和消除新生儿破伤风”、“防治艾滋病母婴传播”、“妇科病检查”、“政府免费婚检”等4项公共卫生项目作为典型案例,分析评价了公共政策干预绩效及其存在的问题和成因。论文参考国内外解决妇女健康问题的经验,提出综合解决云南妇女健康问题的对策：落实男女平等是解决妇女健康问题的核心,明确政府是促进妇女健康发展的责任主体,制定和完善公共政策是解决妇女健康问题的有效途径,坚持妇幼卫生服务的公共属性是实现妇女健康发展的根本保障。通过公共政策的干预和长效机制的建立完善,不断改善妇女健康状况,提高妇女健康水平,推动云南省妇女健康事业全面发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yunnan is an underdeveloped province with the integrated feature of border, diverse ethnic groups and mountainous areas. The woman health situation and survival environment in the province is lagging behind comparing with other provinces in China. Since the 1994 Cairo International Conference on Population and Development and the Fourth World Women Conference in 1995, the Chinese government has issued a series of policies and rules to facilitate woman health development, and many public projects have been carried out. Yunnan Provincial Government has also brought forward some policies and measures regarding Yunnan situations. As a result, the women health situation in Yunnan has been improved, and the maternal and child health has made progress. However, due to the constraint of the economic and social development standard, the woman health development in Yunnan still faces with many problems and difficulties. There is a distance between Yunnan woman health standard and the national average standard. Yunnan woman health development needs to go further regarding the ultimate goal of Yunnan woman development. Therefore, it is indispensable that we need to do research on solving the problems and difficulties by applying public policies and measures.The case study, comparative analysis and literature review methods have been applied in the research. Based on the statistic analysis of Yunnan Woman Health Development Planning Monitoring Data and the field study, the study aimed to observe Yunnan woman health development situation and the public administration performance from the perspective of public policies. The paper also summarized the achievements made in Yunnan woman health aspect. Five public health projects have been used as case study to illustrate the public policy intervention performance and the problems. They are "the Project of Reducing Pregnant Woman Death Rate and Eliminating New-born Baby’s Tetanus", "the Project of Preventing AIDS Spreading from Mother to Baby", "the Project of Woman Disease Checking and Treatment" and "the Project of the Free Marriage Health Checking"Based on the research and referring to the experiences both domestic and abroad pertaining to solving the woman health problems, the study put forward some proposals to deal with Yunnan woman health problems. First, the equality between men and women is the core to solve woman health problem. Second, government plays a critical role in enhancing woman health development. Third, the establishment and improvement of public policy is an effective way to solve woman health problem. Finally, persevering in the public service of maternal and child health guarantees woman health development. It is necessary to improve the public policy and set up the long-term system to facilitate woman health development in Yunnan Province.更多还原