【作者】 唐艾玲；

【导师】 王岳人；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳建筑大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着人们生活水平的提高,各种新型建筑装饰材料的出现,这些给我们的生活带来很大的方便,同时产生了有害于人身体健康的各种污染物。而住宅内厨房、卫生间的环境与人们的生活密切相关,所以全面评价厨卫环境质量对人们身体及生活的影响十分重要,对于更好的保护环境、创建更舒适的生活具有更重要的意义。厨房卫生间产生的主要污染物包括油烟、甲醛、二氧化硫、二氧化碳、苯并芘、氨等,长期吸入对人身体健康构成威胁,对此,了解厨房卫生间内各种污染因子的危害值及对身体的影响十分重要。本课题围绕室内空气保障技术这一课题,对厨房、卫生间环境进行了全面的评价。首先介绍了厨房、卫生间产生的主要污染物种类,不同种类的污染物产生的来源,对人体产生的影响等。其次,通过环境质量评价和健康风险评价两个方面来评价厨房、卫生间的环境现状。并对冬季采暖地区的住户和冬季不采暖地区住户进行了问卷调查。问卷有电子版和现场版两种,共收到236份问卷,其中有效问卷为230份,问卷的问题围绕导致厨房、卫生间内环境污染的各种不利因素进行的,并通过对两地环境的对比分析了解由于人们的不同生活习惯、不同的外界环境、不同的建筑格局对住宅厨房、卫生间环境的不同影响。在冬季门窗紧闭的情况下,挑选了沈阳地区两户典型的住宅,对典型的污染物进行了实测,测得了厨房在使用时、不使用时厨房内不同位置及客厅内主要污染物的浓度。厨房、卫生间内的影响因素的权重确定是通过层次分析方法,并采用综合指数方法对已测得的厨卫环境污染因子进行了分析。针对室内空气污染中的暴露风险、健康风险这两个主要内容研究,并对已测得的几种典型的污染因子可能对人体健康造成的影响进行了暴露量评估。最后,根据厨房、卫生间环境特点,提出了几种改善环境质量的措施和控制几种典型污染物的方法。本课题研究说明,厨房、卫生间的环境污染不可忽视,而且影响因素复杂。环境质量评价及健康风险评价的研究为深入进行室内空气环境质量技术保障的研究提供了一定的依据和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As people living standard rise, all sorts of new-style building decoration materials, the emergence of these bring to our lives very convenient, and also produced harmful to human body health of pollutants. And the residence in kitchen, toilet environment is closely related to people’s lives, so comprehensive evaluation hutch defends environment quality for people body and the influence of life is very important, for better protection of the environment and create more comfortable life is more important significance. The main pollutants generated kitchen toilet includes lampblack, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, benzopyrene, ammonia, long-term inhalation threat to human body health, regarding this, understanding the kitchen inside toilet all kinds of pollution factor harm value and effects on the body is very important.This topic around indoor air security technology on the subject, kitchen, toilet environment carries on the comprehensive evaluation. First, introduced the kitchen, toilet produce the main pollutants types, the source of different kinds of pollutants, human body to produce the effect, etc. Secondly, through the environment quality evaluation and health risk assessment two aspects to evaluate kitchen, toilet status of environment. And on the winter heating area of residents and winter is not heating area household survey. Questionnaire quarterly and on-site edition two kinds, has received 236 questionnaire, including valid questionnaires for 230 copies, questionnaire problems around lead to kitchen, toilet inside the environmental pollution of various unfavorable factors, and through the comparative analysis of two environment because of people’s different understanding life habit, the different external environment, different building structure of residential kitchen, toilet the different environmental impact. In winter Windows closed cases, chose the two families in shenyang, typical of the residence of the typical pollutants, the measured were measured in the kitchen when using, when not in use different positions inside the kitchen and sitting room inside main pollutant concentration. Kitchen, toilet inside the influencing factors of determining weight is through level analysis method, and an integrated index method for measurement of hutch defends already pollution of the environment factors are analyzed. According to indoor air pollution from exposure risk, health risks these two major contents of research, and already measurement of several typical pollution factor may be injurious to health influence of exposure quantity evaluation. Finally, according to the environmental features of the kitchen, toilet, and proposed several measures to improve the environment quality control and some typical pollutants method.The research shows, kitchen, bathroom environmental pollution can not be ignored, and the impact of complex factors. Evaluation of environmental quality and health risk assessment study in-depth technical support indoor air quality studies provide some basis and reference.更多还原