【作者】 林志鹏；

【导师】 张鼎华； 李宝福；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 植物学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 正文在广泛调查了福建闽南山地的土壤肥力情况及桉树人工林的叶片营养元素含量,比照土壤分级标准来看,闽南山地有机质含量处于中低水平；氮素处于低或缺乏水平;磷素缺乏或极缺乏；全钾分布不均,但速效钾处于低或缺乏状态；钙、镁含量较低；铜元素含量较充足；锌分布不均,总体来看中等偏低；B较为缺乏,且多数林地土壤内普遍缺乏。对尾巨桉的植物体各部位的元素分析结果来看,在枝、杆、皮、叶中,以叶当中的养分含量为最高。从养分吸收量来看,以氮的吸收量最大,其它养分吸收量依次为Ca>K>Mg>P>Zn>B。采用二次通用旋转设计方法,以钙镁磷、尿素、复合肥、B肥四种肥料在尾巨桉人工林内进行4因素5水平的定位施肥试验,结果表明：复合肥的施用能持续提高生长量,在桉树人工林内使用复合肥可以有效提高木材积累；B肥也能提高生长量,施用量在30克硼砂时可达到最佳效果,继续增加B肥施用量并不会再促进增长；钙镁磷与尿素只有在达到350克+100克以上时才具有明显促生效应,低于此组合时对促生无效果。并获得初步的最高产量的施肥配比为：每株施用钙镁磷500克、尿素200克、复合肥500克、B肥30克。通过最适浓度法算出的叶片养分适宜范围为N(19.097～24.984 g.kg-1),P(0.803～1.132 g.kg-1),K(20.514～30.566 g.kg-1),Ca(0.951～2.843 g.kg-1),Mg (0.929～1.663 g.kg-1), Cu (5.313～7.043 mg.kg-1), Zn (19.102～27.898 mg.kg-1), B (9.979～12.8994 mg.kg-1),可用于叶片营养诊断的标准,还可结合生物量与各种养分的吸收率用于计算施肥量。最后应用向量图解分析方法,比较不同施肥处理下叶片内养分的互作与拮抗效应,分析结果与最适浓度法较接近。更多还原

【Abstract】 Surveyed of the mountains of southern Fujian soil fertility conditions and eucalyptus plantations nutrient content of leaves, according to soil classification standards, organic matter content is in the low of middle; nitrogen in the low of standards; phosphorus absence or in a serious shortage; uneven distribution of total potassium, which accounted for about 30% of the high levels and low around 50%. However, potassium in the low or lack of state; calcium and magnesium content low; copper content of adequate; zinc in uneven distribution; B is more a lack of and the majority of the forest soil is general lack of.On the plants of Eucalyptus tail of each component of the elemental analysis results, in the sticks, poles, bark, leaves, to leaf nutrient content among the highest. Nutrient uptake from the point of view, to the maximum uptake of nitrogen, and other nutrient uptake were Ca> K> Mg> P> Zn> B.With the Twice general rotation design approach, set up 4 factors and 5 levels about calcium and magnesium phosphate, urea, compound fertilizer, B fertilizer four kinds of fertilizer in eucalyptus plantation within the fertilization experiment results show that: compound fertilizer application can continue to improve the growth of the amount of in eucalyptus plantations can effectively improve the use of fertilizer timber accumulation; B fertilizer can enhance the growth of the amount of fertilizer at 30 grams Borax can reach the best results, continue to increase the amount of B fertilizer application, and will not promote growth; calcium and magnesium phosphate and urea is only +100g reached 350 grams or more shall enter into force when it has obvious promoting lower than the combination of the growth-promoting ineffective. And obtain the maximum yield of the initial fertilizer ratio as follows:500 grams per plant application of calcium magnesium phosphate, urea 200 grams,500 grams of fertilizer, B fat 30 grams.Calculated by the optimal nutrient concentration method, suitable range of N (19.097-24.984 g.kg-1), P (0.803-1.132 g.kg-1), K (20.514-30.566 g.kg-1), Ca (0.951-2.843 g.kg-1), Mg (0.929-1.663 g.kg-1), Cu (5.313-7.043 mg.kg-1), Zn (19.102- 27.898 mg.kg-1), B (9.979-12.8994 mg.kg-1) has been set up. It can be used for diagnostic leaf nutrient standards, and also be combined with a variety of biomass used to calculate the nutrient uptake rate of fertilization.Additionally, the vector diagram analysis method to analyze the leaves of different fertilization treatments and the interaction of nutrients antagonistic effect, the results with the optimal concentration method is closer.更多还原