【作者】 徐竹；

【导师】 林向阳；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 体育学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从促进吹枪运动发展的角度出发,以提高吹枪运动成绩为目的,采用田麦久等前辈的项群理论以及比赛成绩决定因素理论两大研究成果,制定出吹枪比赛成绩决定因素的一级指标问卷,通过对吹枪方面的10位专家进行第一轮的问卷调查,运用数理统计法得出决定吹枪比赛成绩的一级指标及其决定程度的顺序,一级指标确定后本人又参考大量的文献资料得出了吹枪比赛成绩决定因素的二级指标,并做成第二轮专家访谈的问卷,再通过第二轮的多选题与10位专家进行访谈,经过spss多选题频数分析后,得出了决定吹枪运动比赛成绩的二级指标,并做成第三轮专家访谈的问卷和运动员、教练员、裁判员的问卷。最后通过第三轮的专家访谈和运动员、教练员、裁判员的问卷调查后,经过spss对第三轮多选题频数分析以及对每一个二级指标进行专家、运动员、教练员、裁判员四类人员问卷数据的交叉列联分析,最终得出二级指标以及二级指标的决定程度的顺序。并得出如下结论：1、吹枪运动属于技能主导类表现准确性项群项目。2、吹枪运动比赛成绩决定因素的一级指标按决定程度的顺序依次是心理、技术、训练安排、设备条件、裁判员道德业务水平、身体素质、身体机能、战术。3、吹枪运动比赛成绩决定因素的二级指标(1)、心理因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是自我控制能力、注意力、态度、知觉。(2)、技术因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是瞄靶技术、吹气击发时的动作技术、吹气力量技术、持枪技术、腹式呼吸。(3)、训练安排因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是训练时间的安排、训练强度的安排。(4)、设备条件因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是场地的明亮程度、枪、针。(5)、裁判员道德业务水平因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是裁判员的主观判定行为、裁判员现场判断能力。(6)、身体素质因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是平衡能力、灵敏与协调素质、耐力素质、力量素质。(7)、身体机能因素二级指标按其决定程度的顺序依次是呼吸机能、心血管机能、骨骼肌、感官机能。(8)、战术因素二级指标是根据临场情况快慢相结合吹射。4、在研究过程中发现专家、教练员、运动员、裁判员四类不同的人员对有氧工作能力、焦虑、意志品质、快速吹射、慢速吹射、训练周期这六个二级指标存在显著差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper proceeds from the angle of promoting the development of the event of Blow Gun and aims at improving the competition results in Blow Gun. Applying the Event-group Theory and the theory of decisive factors of competition results by Tian Maijiu and other seniors, the author works out the first-level indexes questionnaire of the decisive factors in Blow Gun competition results, and then applies the method of mathematical statistics to establish the first-level indexes that decide the competition results and their order of deciding levels. After the establishment of the first-level indexes, making reference to a great number of documents, the author establishes the second-level indexes that decide the competition results in Blow Gun event. With the second round of questionnaire for the experts and the interviews with experts with multiple choice answers, the author establishes the second-level indexes that decide the competition results in Blow Gun event through the SPSS multiple choice answers frequency analysis. Accordingly, the third round of questionnaire for experts, athletes, coaches and referees is worked out. Lastly, through the third round of interview with experts and questionnaire survey for athletes, coaches, and referees, with the SPSS multiple choice answers frequency analysis and crossed contingency analysis on the questionnaires in the first-level and second-level indexes for the four groups as experts, athletes, coaches and referees, ultimately, the second-level indexes and their order of deciding levels are established. Therefore the following conclusions are drawn.Firstly, Blow Gun belongs to a skill dominant event in event-group that reflects accuracy.Secondly, the order of the first-level indexes of the decisive factors in Blow Gun competition results is like this:psychology, skill, training arrangement, facilities, moral and professional level of referees, physical quality, physical function and tactics.Thirdly, the second-level indexes of decisive factors in competition results of the event of Blow Gun.First, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of psychology are in the order of capacity of self-control, concentration, attitude and sensation.Second, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of skill are in the order of skill of aiming, skill of action when blowing to shoot, skill of blowing force, skill of holding the gun and abdominal breathing.Third, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of training arrangement are in the order of the arrangement for training time and the arrangement for training intensity. Fourth, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of facilities are in the order of the lightness, the gun and the needle.Fifth, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of moral and professional level of referees are in the order of the subjective judgment of referees and field judging ability of referees.Sixth, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of physical quality are in the order of balancing capacity, sensitiveness and sports coordination, endurance and force.Seventh, according to their different deciding levels, the second-level indexes of physical function are in the order of respiratory function, cardiovascular function, skeletal muscles and sensory function. Fourthly, in the process of research, the author finds that the four groups of experts, coaches, athletes and referees show remarkable differences in the following six second-level indexes as aerobic exercise capacity, anxiety, volitional quality, fast blowing shooting, slow blowing shooting and training cycle.更多还原