【作者】 王晨；

【导师】 王华；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着IBM提出的“智慧地球”被列为美国国家战略以后,我国国务院总理温家宝在无锡视察时也提出了“感知中国”的思想。作为“智慧地球”、“感知中国”核心的“物联网”在世界各地开始蓬勃的发展。“智能校园”作为“物联网”面向学校的应用领域,引领了包括大学、中学、小学在内的智能化建设和发展的方向。“感知校园”的应用将为提高学校的信息化、管理的高效化以及管理成本的降低,提供强力的技术支持平台。ZigBee作为一种新兴的短距离、低速率、低功耗的无线网络技术,非常适合设计智能校园的无线传感器网络WSN。因此研究如何利用ZigBee实现以传感器终端互联为目标的智能校园应用具有非常重要的实用价值。本文旨在研究如何通过ZigBee技术更好的设计智能校园平台,对平台执行性能进行仿真评估,并且对ZigBee执行中的不足进行反馈和改进。本文以校园智能化建设应用需要为背景,运用现今世界上非常流行的网络仿真技术,进行基于校园网络的ZigBee性能测试。通过ZigBee设备的组合搭配和ZigBee各层次的参数调整,我们在网络仿真工具中设计出了不同的智能校园应用场景,经过DES和虚拟化技术生成了仿真结果。根据数据报告分析,ZigBee不但可以实现传感器的稳定数据收发和较低的延迟,还支持网络的自组织功能,同时提供了对固定ZigBee设备和移动ZigBee设备的组网支持。仿真环境中,我们比较了ZigBee三种拓扑结构在面向校园应用时性能的差异,以及分析了ZigBee路由在节点不稳定,导致拓扑结构不断变化对网络性能的影响,并且提供了一种基于可靠路径的路由算法,以改善路由算法的性能,通过适应于动态网络拓扑变化的备份路径算法,对网络的吞吐量和延迟问题明显改善。最后证明了ZigBee相比较于Wi-Fi和蓝牙技术,更加适合智能校园的应用。物联网的应用包括智能校园、智能家居、智能能源、智能交通、智能医疗等领域。本文以智能校园为代表,描述了ZigBee技术在校园中的使用。为了实现学校管理的高效,我们在智能校园中引入了ZigBee网关。通过ZigBee网关,既可以实现对GSM手机网络的连接,又能实现计算机网络的接入功能。而智能校园的建设,主要是考虑ZigBee网络如何跟现有的校园网实现无缝连接。这里我们的思路是,ZigBee不是对现有校园网建设的全盘否定,而是可以在现有网络环境的基础之上,为智能校园的应用提供更为有效的补充。智能校园的出现是社会生活发展的必然趋势。ZigBee作为智能校园技术应用尚处于萌芽阶段,但随着技术发展的日渐成熟,学校智能化系统也将不断完善,促使教育质量和教育水平迈向新的高度。更多还原

【Abstract】 As IBM’s "wisdom of the Earth" is classified as the national strategy of the United States, China’s Premier Wen Jiabao visited in Wuxi, also proposed the "Experience China" ideology. "Internet of things", as the core of "Earth Wisdom" and "Experience China" has begun to flourish in the development of the world. "Smart Campus" as the applications of "Internet of Things" for school, leading the direction of construction and development of Smart Campus, including universities, secondary schools, primary schools. The application of "Experience the campus," will enhance the school’s information, and management of efficient and lower cost of management, to provide strong technical support platform for campus.ZigBee, as a new wireless network technology of short-range, low rate, low-power, is very suitable as the wireless sensor networks (also known as WSN) of Smart Campus. Therefore, the research of how to use ZigBee to realize the target object of things-things internet for the applications of "Internet of Things" has a very important practical value. This paper aims to study how to better design ZigBee technology platform for smart campus, the implementation of performance evaluation on the platform, and the lack of implementation for the ZigBee feedback and improvement.This paper takes the needs of campus intellectualization construction application as the background. Under the utilization of the extremely popular network simulation technology nowadays in the world, we carry on the ZigBee performance test. We design different scenarios for Smart Campus applications in network simulation tools, and generate the simulation result by the Discrete Event Simulation (also known as DES) and virtualization technology. By analyzing the data of the report, ZigBee can not only achieve a steady rate and a lower delay in sending and receiving data by sensors, but also support self-healing mechanism, while providing supporting networking ability for fixed and removable ZigBee devices at the same time. In the simulation environment, we also compared the performance difference of campus-oriented, and analysis of the ZigBee routing nodes instability, leading to the changing topology of the impact on network performance and provides a reliable path-based routing algorithm to improve the performance of the ZigBee routing algorithm, by the backup path algorithm adapting to dynamic network topology changes, the network throughput and latency improved significantly. Finally, we prove in the ZigBee, compared to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technology, more suitable for the application of Smart Campus.Internet of Things applications includes smart campus, smart home, intelligent energy, intelligent transportation, intelligent medical, and other fields. Represented as an intelligent campus, the paper described the ZigBee technology applications on campus. In order to achieve efficient school management, we have introduced the ZigBee Smart campus gateway. Through ZigBee gateway, both on the GSM mobile network can achieve the connection, but also by computer network access. Here we point out, ZigBee is not think the existing campus network construction as the overall repudiate, but in the basis of the existing network environment to provide more effective supplement for applications of smart campus.The emergence of Smart Campus is the inevitable trend of development of social life. ZigBee as a technology for Smart Campus is still in its infancy, but as the technology matures, the school intelligent systems will continue to improve, to promote education quality and level of education to a new height.更多还原