【作者】 吴章祥；

【导师】 聂明新；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着GPS全球定位系统技术的迅速发展,GPS引起各国军事部门和广大民用部门的普遍关注。GPS定位技术已经在地球物理勘察、资源勘探、航空与卫星遥感、民用导航、精密时间比对、大地测量、工程勘测、安全监控等领域,展示了其优越性和巨大的潜力。GPS应用于遥感测量的研究是近些年来的热门。本论文是依托国家项目开展的理论与应用的初步研究。GPS分测量型与导航型两类,本文主要针对机载遥感测量系统中的差分GPS开展研究,首先介绍了GPS的基本原理,然后研究了坐标转换的理论知识；由于GPS输出的是WGS-84坐标,而我们实际需要的是地方坐标系,所以需要将WGS-84坐标转换为各地方坐标。本文在研究了空间坐标转换模型基础上,利用VC编程实现了WGS84至BJ54(北京54)坐标的转换,获得了较高的转换精度；结合机载环境实际,对GPS的选型、多源传感器间的数据率和接口、电磁兼容、差分GPS地面站设置等关键问题进行分析研究,提出了实施建议。并在此基础上提供了如下几个方面的研究成果：(1)开展了GPS模拟数据采集实验,为今后的红外图像和SAR图像的融合提供了配准所需的参数；(2)基于Visual C++平台,编写了坐标转换程序,实现了求解布尔莎模型的七参数以及WGS84至BJ54的坐标转换；(3)进行了测量型GPS在与机载的其他多源传感器配合应用中问题的调查与研究,提供了分析与解决措施；(4)进行了GPS数值的插值与拟合研究,并对结果用Matlab进行了仿真计算。最后为收发分置的双站SAR系统提出了一个同步方案。该方案为后续的研究以及机载双站SAR测量系统的同步的实现提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of GPS technology, military departments of various countries and civilian departments draws great concern on GPS. It has already been used in many fields such as Geologic Survey, Resource Exploration, satellite remote sensing, civil aviation, exact time compare, earth measurement, etc. and has shown its superiority and enormous potentiality.This subject is national defence the 11th-Year Plan research project in advance. We make an primary research on several problems of the GPS’s application research in remote sensing in this thesis. This thesis has introduced the principle of GPS and the knowledge some date of the GPS dynamic Carrier Phase Measurement, then has make an analysis and research on the error. Because the output of GPS coordinate is WGS-84, and we need the local coordinate in fact, an research was carried on how to transform WGS-84 into other local coordinates system, and discuss that genetic algorithm solve the ill-condition equation. An analyse and research was maked on some key problemes which include how to select an right GPS, coordinate transform, data rate and interface among multi-sensor, Electromagnetic Compatibility, GPS’s position error, GPS installation, setup of difference GPS’sround station. Finally, a synchronous scheme was put forward and designed which is designed for synchronous receiving/delivery system of SAR based on GPS. Some research results is provided in this thesis as follow:(1) make the experiment to gather GPS simulation data which will offere the parameter for integration of infrared picture and SAR picture in the future;(2)Base on Visual Studio 2005 platform, make the programme to realize the transform of the coordinate from WGS84 to BJ54 and Xian80, which will offere application in the future;(3)Have offered the application problem research to how to make GPS work with other airborn multi-sensor well;(4) GPS data fitting and interpolation is carried on the reaserch in this thesis, and we carry on emulation to the result with Matlab.Finally we provide the synchronous scheme of Bistatic SAR by use of GPS.This scheme has offered reference for subsequent research and airborne pair of synchronous realizing finally of station SAR measuring system.更多还原