空间碎片的法律规制问题研究

【作者】 关燕；

【导师】 樊静；

【作者基本信息】 烟台大学 ， 国际法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着人类外空活动的日益频繁,空间碎片的数量正在激增,空间碎片已经成为外层空间的主要污染源,因此引起了国际社会的关注。目前,规制外空活动的法律制度主要是联合国制定的五个外空条约,但是这几个条约在规制空间碎片问题上显现出了严重的缺陷和不足。因此,如何构建实际有效地空间碎片法律制度,需要进一步研究和探讨。本文分为三章,共三万余字。第一章主要概述空间碎片问题及其危害。通过对空间碎片的概述,介绍国际社会对空间碎片含义的界定、空间碎片的来源及其分类,并探讨了空间碎片的危害。第二章分析有关空间碎片的现有法律规制。首先,深入分析现有与空间碎片有关的国际法律制度;然后详细介绍主要空间大国美国、俄罗斯、中国的国内相关立法,并对之进行深入探讨。第三章提出有关空间碎片的现有法律规制存在的缺陷及其完善建议。首先,归纳现有的空间碎片法律规制存在的缺陷,国际法层面包括现有外空条约的相关规定不完善、身份无法识别的空间碎片造成损害的赔偿责任机制缺失和赔偿主体缺位;国内法层面包括国际条约转化为国内法的工作尚需加强、关于空间碎片的防治尚未形成独立的法律以及空间碎片的责任承担尚需明确规定。然后,提出完善建议,包括订立专门性的国际公约、设立专门性的国际组织以及健全和完善赔偿责任机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, as human activities in outer space have become increasingly frequent, the number is proliferation of space debris, space debris has become a major source of pollution of outer space, so the international community’s attention. At present, the regulation of activities in outer space is the major legal development of the five United Nations Outer Space Treaty, but it’s a few outer space treaties regulating the issue of space debris reveals serious flaws and shortcomings. Therefore, how to build effective and efficient legal system, space debris, the need for further study and discussion.This paper is divided into three chapters, more than 30000 words.ChapterⅠoutlines the main problems and hazards of space debris. Through an overview of space debris, introducing the international community to define the meaning of space debris, space debris sources and their classification, and explore the space debris.Chapter II looks at the existing law relating to space debris regulation. First of all, in-depth analysis of existing space debris with the relevant international legal system; followed by details on the major space powers, the United States, Russia, and China’s domestic relevant legislation, and the conduct in depth.Chapter III presents the existing law relating to space debris regulatory shortcomings and improve the proposal. First, the induction of existing space debris, the shortcomings of legal regulation, international law level, including the relevant provisions of the existing Outer Space Treaty, lack of identity can not be recognized by space debris damage liability and compensation mechanisms for loss of the main vacancy; level of domestic law, including international treaties into domestic law, the work need to be strengthened on the prevention and control of space debris has not yet formed an independent legal and space debris still need to clearly defined accountability. Then, a complete set of recommendations, including setting specialized international conventions, the establishment of specialized international organizations, as well as a sound and complete liability mechanisms.更多还原