长大隧道施工通风系统优化研究与应用

【作者】 罗春红；

【导师】 谢贤平；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 长大独头隧道掘进施工中,钻爆法施工工艺是一种最主要的经济高效施工工艺。在钻爆法施工循环中,通风排烟是重要的一环,通风的时间过长影响工程进度,炮烟的排除未能达到预期的限度,严重影响工人的健康及劳动生产效率。本文以长大独头隧道钻爆法施工通风系统为研究对象,运用隧道施工通风理论、空气动力学理论和通风系统优化理论,对长大独头隧道施工通风系统优化进行了研究。本文在借鉴已有研究成果的基础上,取得了如下研究结果：1、本文对钻爆法施工工艺、TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine)施工工艺对通风要求进行了比较分析,得出在通风技术要求上钻爆法掘进比TBM掘进困难。归纳总结了隧道通风方式,对管道通风方式进行了比较分析,双软管混合式通风方式能极大改善洞内作业环境。2、本文建立了独头隧道通风系统设计的数学模型。应用建立的数学模型,分析确定了换风筒但不换风机、不换风筒换风机、单台风机通风距离的求解及多台风机串联工作的求解四个类型的设计方法及计算求解。3、本文对双软管混合式通风与一般混合式通风有效风量的变化规律进行了比较分析,通过分析确定了双软管混合式通风风量计算方法。通过实验数据的分析,确定了风筒口的合理位置和风量比。对双软管混合式通风设计和实践有重要参考价值。4、本文根据分阶段通风优化设计理论,以期达到节能的目的,确定了分阶段通风设计计算中分段数和风筒直径两个变量。结合阶段通风方法,应用独头隧道通风系统设计的数学模型进行计算,采取双软管混合式通风方式,对小湾水电站地下厂房尾水系统1#尾水隧洞—期施工通风,进行了通风优化设计,比传统的设计方法节省47500元。更多还原

【Abstract】 The drill-blasting construction is the main economic and efficient technology in the construction of one ended large scale tunnel. One of the key technical issues—ventilation during construction of tunnel affects the construction schedule. It seriously affects the health of workers and labor productivity, if the smoke exhaustion does not achieve the desired limit. The dissertation took the drill-blasting construction ventilation system of one ended large scale tunnel as research target. Using the tunnel construction ventilation theory, the aerodynamics theory and the optimization of the ventilation system theory, it focuses on the construction ventilation system optimization of one ended large scale tunnel. Based on the already research results, some important conclusion of the dissertation is made.Firstly, the paper compares and analysis the ventilation requirements of the drill-blasting construction technology and Tunnel Boring Machine construction technology. And come to the result that the drill-blasting construction more difficult than Tunnel Boring Machine construction in the ventilation technology.Ventilation methods is summarized. And compares and analysis the duct-ventilated methods, and come to the result that the two-way tube composite ventilation method is able to improve work condition in hole.Secondly, the paper establishs the mathematical model of the one ended tunnels ventilation system design. Applying this model to Analyse on the four types of the one ended tunnels ventilation system design and determine calculation method, including same flow fan but differnet wine tube, same wine tube but different flow fan, ventilation distance of single flow fan and severalflow fans working in series.Thirdly, the paper compares and analysis the law of effective fresh wind of the two-way tube composite ventilation and common composite ventilation. Determined the wind amount of the two-way tube composite ventilation by analysed. According to the analysed experimental data, determined the reasonable parameters of ventilation, it is important reference value to the two-way tube composite ventilation design and practice.Lastly, according to the theory of the optimization design of stepped ventilation, this paper will achieve the purpose of energy saving. The subsection number and tube diameter are determined. Combining the stepped ventilation method, applying the mathematical model of the one ended tunnels ventilation system design to calculate, and taking the two-way tube composite ventilation method to optimal design of the first period of the 1# tailrace tunnel construction ventilation of underground powerhouse of xiaowan hydropower station, it saves 47,500 yuan comapring with the traditional design method.更多还原