【作者】 刘泉；

【导师】 徐则民；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 水-岩相互作用对滑坡形成与发展具有非常重要的影响,一直是众多学者研究的焦点。然而,这些研究主要集中水-岩物理、力学方面,针对水-岩化学作用对滑坡形成与发展的研究则相对较少。本文根据对云南昭通头寨烂泥沟滑坡研究,通过对滑坡区峨眉山玄武岩(P2β)化学组分、微观结构、溶解机理以及滑坡风化壳元素迁移特征分析,说明水-岩化学作用对滑坡形成与发展具有重要影响。滑坡区峨眉山玄武岩新鲜核心石与腐岩壳化学全分析结果表明,核心石在转变为腐岩壳过程中,化学组分的流失与富集表现出一致性。反映出不同的风化程度岩石,化学组分存在明显差异。铸体薄片与扫描电镜分析结果表明,岩石的矿物组成与微观结构存在明显差异。玄武岩溶解试验结果表明,雨水与蒸馏水对细小岩块具有一定溶解能力,对较大岩块溶解能力较弱,蒸馏水对岩块溶解能力也说明,存在于包气带的凝结水,对岩石也具有溶解能力。玄武岩斜坡风化壳淋溶试验说明,风化壳中元素迁移,主要集中在表层氧化环境土层中,风化壳深部还原环境土层元素迁移相对较少,斜坡风化壳中最主要迁移对象为Si02,而其主要是来铝硅酸盐的溶解破坏。泉水动态说明,泉水组分迁移量受泉水流量控制明显,组分迁移量最大月即为泉水流量最大月,泉水中Si02的浓度始终基本不变,其年迁移量占总量迁移的28.5%。水文地球化学模拟用于模拟地下水系统中的地球化学过程,能反映出地下水系统中所发生的地球化学反应以及各种离子在地下水系统中的存在状态。本文根据云南昭通头寨滑坡区雨水和泉水化学全分析结果,首先建立雨水和泉水溶液组分分布模型,根据平衡热力学原理及水质分析资料,确定溶液中溶解组分间的络合反应达到平衡状态时,各组分存在形式及含量。进而,在此基础上建立质量传输模型,根据雨水和泉水化学组分的差别,分析地下水在径流方向上与岩石物质传输,确定质量平衡模拟的矿物交换相,最终计算出模拟过程中,各种矿物的溶解或沉淀量。更多还原

【Abstract】 This is very important influences of water-rock interaction on the strength formation and development of landslides, that is always the research focus of many scholars. However, these studies had focused mainly on physics and mechanics water-rock interaction.It is relatively few to research on chemical water-rock interaction of the Strength formation and development of landslides. According to the research on Lannigou landslides of Yunnan Zhaotong Touzhai in this paper, analyzing the chemical composition、micro structure、dissolution mechanism of Emeishan basalt (P2β) and the characteristics of element migration on landslides area,it is explained that very important influences of water-rock interaction on the strength formation and development of landslides.The analysis results of full-chemical analysis for fresh core and saprolite shell of Emeishan basalt show that loss or enrichment of the chemical composition exhibits consistency.Reflecting different weathering degree rocks,chemical composition show a significant difference.The analysis results of casting thin sections and SEM of Emeishan basalt show that mineral composition and microstructure have a significant difference.The analysis results of solubility test of Emeishan basalt show that rain water and distilled water have certain dissolve ability for fine broken rock,have weaker dissolve ability for larger rock.The analysis results of distilled water had certain dissolve ability show that condensate in unsaturated zone have certain dissolve ability.The analysis results of leaching test of weathering crust show that element migration in weathering crust mainly concentrate surface soil of oxidizing environment, SiO2 from dissolution of aluminosilicate minerals is mainly migration element.The analysis results of spring water dynamic monitoring show that migrated component amount is controlled of spring flow,the greater spring water flow of the larger component migration.The cocentration of SiO2 in spring water always keep invariant,migration accounts for the year 28.5 percent of total migration.Hydrogeochemical modeling can be used to simulate geochemical process in groundwater system,it can reflect geochemical reaction and ionic states in groundwater system. According to the research on chemical total analysis of rain water and spring water of Yunnan Zhaotong Touzhai landslides area and thermodynamic principle.First,it is builded that component distribution model of rain water and spring water,determined the speciation forms and content of solution when the ion complexation reached equilibrium,then builded mass transfer model.According to the different on chemical total analysis of rain water and spring water,determine the exchange phase of mass transfer mode,finally, it can calculate various of minerals dissolved or precipitated volume in simulation process.更多还原