【作者】 王成；

【导师】 魏贤勇；

【作者基本信息】 武汉科技大学 ， 化学工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 依此以丙酮和石油醚作为溶剂对取自徐州圣戈班焦化厂的煤焦油进行了初级萃取,得到煤焦油的石油醚可溶物(PEEP)。采用柱层析分离-溶剂洗脱分离的方法,在硅胶层析柱中,依次以石油醚、95%石油醚/5%乙酸乙酯混合溶剂、90%石油醚/10%乙酸乙酯混合溶剂、甲醇作为洗脱溶剂对PEEP进行分级萃取。定量收集每一级下的各次洗脱液,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)分析各次萃取物。考察萃取次数对所得萃取物组成的影响,比较不同溶剂萃取所得萃取物组成的差别。结果表明,在每一级下的各次洗脱物中,几乎都存在几种含量明显高于其它的化合物。诸如石油醚洗脱物中的联苯烯、菲、蒽、荧蒽、苯并荧蒽、苯并芘和茚并芘;95%石油醚/5%乙酸乙酯洗脱物中的苯酚、2,6-二甲基苯酚、2,3,6-三甲基苯酚、吖啶、1-苯基-1-丙炔、苯并喹啉和咔唑;90%石油醚/5%乙酸乙酯洗脱物中的奥苷菊环、1-亚乙基茚、菲啶、9-氰基蒽和3-氨基芘。随着萃取次数的增加,各级萃取物的种类和含量呈下降的趋势,检测出的成分总体上按缩合程度从低到高的顺序溶出。值得注意的是,在石油醚的各次洗脱物中,收集的各次洗脱物具有很好的集中性。可为萃取物的进一步结晶提纯和加工提供很好预处理方法。石油醚/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂萃取的萃取物中的杂原子化合物的含量要明显高于石油醚单种溶剂萃取。四级萃取相较之下,甲醇溶剂洗脱物的种类以及各个化合物含量都要远远低于其他溶剂的萃取,这与前几级的萃取的较高萃取效率是有关系的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high-temperature coal tar (HTCT) produced by Xuzhou Coking Plant, Saint-Gobain Pipelines (Xuzhou) Co., Ltd. was primary extracted with acetone and petroleum ether, and the Petroleum ether extractable portion(PEEP)was separated by silica-gel column chromatography (SGCC) and solvent elution separation using petroleum ether(PE)、95% petroleum ether and 5% ethyl acetate(EA) mixed solvents, 90% PE/10% EA、methanol as the eluant in turn. Quantitative collected each eluates and then detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to understand the effect of extraction times on the extract compositions and the difference in composition among the extracts obtained with different solvent. The results showed that several compounds which were more than others obviously were exist in each eluates. Such as Biphenylene、Phenanthrene、Anthracene、Fluoranthene、Benz[e]acephenanthrylene and Indeno[1,2,3-cd] pyrene in petroleum ether elution ; Phenol、2,6-dimethyl Phenol、2,3,6-trimethyl Phenol、Acridine、1-propynyl Benzene、Benzo[h]quinoline and Carbazole in 95%PE/5%EA;Azulene、1-methylene Indene、Phenanthridine、9-Anthracenecarbonitrile and 3-Aminopyrene in 90%PE/5%EA. The extract varieties and contents were decline with the increase of number of extraction. The detected components were largely eluted in the order of condensation extent.It’s worth to note that the eluates with PE were concentration relatively and it can provided a well pretreatment method to further crystallization purifying and processing of the extracts. The contents of heteroatom-containing aromatics in PE/EA mixed solvent were more than that in PE obviously. Compared among the compounds obtained by four levels extraction, the contents and types in methanol extraction were far less than other solvent extraction, it was relative to the higher extraction efficiency of previous extraction.更多还原