【作者】 罗桂华；

【导师】 梁军；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 系统工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 航天发射场的测试发射工作,是一个庞大的系统工程,其中的各个环节,都需要提前进行计划安排,现场进行调度,才能使得产品的测试发射工作顺利实施。在年发射频率较小的情况下,通过具有资深工作经历的人员来做计划调度工作,基本可以保证任务的顺利实施；当年发射频率较高时,由于参试单位多、产品测试过程或交错或并行进行、资源保障类型多样等等原因,人员的资深工作经历已不能满足制定计划的要求,容易出现差错或遗漏。为了避免这种情况,需要对产品测试的各个环节和资源保障系统进行剖析,对测试发射的各个环节用数学模型的形式来进行规划筹谋,保证测试发射工作的顺利进行和资源保障系统可靠、稳定运行,确保产品测试发射的圆满成功。本文从航天发射场年发射能力、测试项目的优化调度以及人力资源的优化配置等三个方面,探讨了构建优化模型的可行性,建立了优化方程,对每个模型都进行了计算,并对结果进行了分析。航天发射场年发射能力这一命题,是以两个发射架为背景,解决了在同一时段内有多个发射任务时发射计划的最优安排问题。介绍了制定最优计划的现实存在问题及原因,最优计划的可调控变量、最优目标,建立了最优计划命题的优化模型及关键参数的计算方法等,并举例进行了最优模型的计算。航天发射任务地面测试过程的最优调度这一命题,是以某个具体发射任务为背景,就发射前的地面测试过程,从最优资源利用和最短测试时间两个方面达到最佳测试目标的要求下,实现地面测试过程的最优调度。建立了“固定测试时间一最优资源利用”和“固定资源—最短测试时间”两种测试发射优化目下的优化原理和优化模型,并举例进行了最优模型的计算。航天发射场人力资源最优配置这一命题,是以某型号航天发射任务为背景,为了优化岗位配置,量化配置绩效。采用排队论的计算方法,得到某系统的具体岗位配置数量,及岗位配置与系统的匹配性结果。经模拟试验验证,该结果能满足航天发射“岗位操作零差错”的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The test of space launch is a huge project, in which all aspects of the arrangements need to be planned and scheduled ahead in order to enable the smooth implementation of product testing and launching. When the launch frequency is low, the planning and scheduling work can be finished by senior experienced staff to garantee basic requirement. However, when launch frequency is high, as more test are needed, many departments are involved, or many procedures are parallelly implemented or staggered or in parallel, the work of experience of senior staff can not meet the requirements of the development plan and errors and misses can easily happen. To avoid this situation, systematic analyses for launch and testing procedures are needed, using mathematical models to characterize the planning and scheduling and search for a feasible and optimal solution. Thus it can ensure the smooth progress of the work test launch and the stable and reliable resources supply, to ensure successful launch product testing.This paper focuses on three areas, including the optimal annual launch capabilities, optimal scheduling of tesing project and optimal allocation of human resources. The feasibility of constructing the optimization model is discussed. And the optimization equation is established. For each model, the parameters are estimated and calculation results are given, based on which further discussions are analyzed.The optimal annual launch capabilities are the optimal planning of lauch tasks of two launchers in a time period of one year. The existence practical problems, the mechanistic relations and the controlled variables are introduced. An optimization problem is then formulated. A simple introduction of solution algorithm is followd. According to the real example of the launch base, the values of parameters are estimated and optimal solutions are calculated.The optimal scheduling of ground testing for satellite launching is the problem of give the best arerangement of resource supply and the shortest testing time of the pre-launch ground testing process, based on a specific real launch case. Two optimization problems are formulated based on two modes:"fixed testing time optimal arrangement of resources supply" and "fixed resources supply-shortest testing time". The optimization formulations are applied in the real launch example, using the real data to estimate the model parameters and obtain the optimal results.Optimal allocation of human resources in a space launch site, is to get the best allocation of finite human resources. In order to quantitative characterize the allocation performance, queuing theory is applied, which can give specific working positions and matching results of work positions and task allocations. The simulation results shows that it can meet "zero error job action" requirement of the space launch.更多还原