【作者】 雷飞鹏；

【导师】 宁提纲；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在提出一种简单易行的光纤光栅传感器,使其能应用在一些对成本有严格要求,对精确要求不是很高的环境中,进一步扩大光纤光栅传感器的适应范围。首先针对双光纤光栅传感器做相应的理论分析,然后设计了一种用双啁啾光纤光栅来实现的应力传感器及一种用保偏光纤光栅来实现的温度传感器：1)分析了光纤光栅的温度传感原理和应变传感原理,总结了温度与应变交叉敏感解决办法及封装技术的进展；2)在光纤布拉格光栅的耦合模理论基础上推导出啁啾光栅和保偏光栅的特性并得到了相应的仿真图；3)提出了一种双啁啾光纤光栅应力传感器,并将设计的双啁啾光纤光栅应力传感器与单片机结合成功构建了一种新型的公路交通流量监视系统。首先利用单片机的接口技术将传感器输出的模拟信号转化成数字信号,然后用单片机编程实现数据的处理及分析,成功的通过检测电压的变化来进行轮轴识别,最后用单片机进行采样运算比较,判断车型。建模仿真结果证明,此监控系统能很好的识别各种车型,完成对公路交通流量的监控；4)在研究了保偏光纤光栅特性之后提出了一种温度传感器,利用保偏光纤光栅构成的激光器来实现温度的传感。从理论上仿真验证了此传感器的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this work, a simple optical fiber grating sensor is proposed and demonstrated. It can find applications in special environments with lower cost and accuracy, and also it will expend the application of fiber grating sensor.First of all, we analyze the theory of the dual-fiber Bragg gating sensors. Then we design a stress sensor based on double-chirped fiber grating and a temperature sensor based on double polarization maintaining fiber grating.1) This part consists of three points, namely, the theories of temperature sensor and strain sensor, the solution of temperature and strain cross-sensitivity, and the progress of packaging technology.2) According to the coupled mode theory, we derive the characters of chirped grating and polarization maintaining fiber grating. Simulations are carried out.3) A double-chirped fiber grating stress sensor is proposed in this part. A new traffic monitoring system is constructed based on the combination of the new sensor and single chip. In the proposed scheme, the analog signal is first converted to the digital signal through the single chip interface technology, and then we develop a MPU programming to process acquired data. Finally, the system successfully identifies the axle by detecting voltage changes, and determines the vehicle mode through single chip sampling operations. The results shows that the traffic monitoring system could identify the vehicle mode correctly, accomplish traffic flow monitoring.4) A temperature sensor is proposed based on polarization maintaining fiber grating. By using this sensor and optical maser, the temperature sense could be accomplished. This paper verified the feasibility of the sensor through numerical calculation and simulation.更多还原