【作者】 胡巍巍；

【导师】 宁滨；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,城市轨道交通飞速发展,CBTC (Communication Based Train Control,基于通信的列车控制)系统以其安全高效的特点成为信号系统的发展趋势,具有自主知识产权的国产CBTC技术已经进入工程项目试运营阶段,将会逐步打破国外厂商的垄断局面。其中,车载VOBC设备作为CBTC系统的核心部分,直接负责所有与安全行车有关的控制命令,在投入使用之前,必须经过全面、严格的测试与验证。在测试过程中,组织良好、描述规范的测试案例集能够高效地指导测试工作的执行。因此,本文主要针对CBTC系统中VOBC车载设备测试案例设计及优化方法展开研究,首先介绍了混合测试方法在VOBC测试平台中的应用,阐述了基于需求的测试技术在安全苛求系统测试中的重要性,根据被测车载设备功能复杂、接口众多的特点,选取改进的因果图法设计测试案例。接下来本文根据车载设备测试案例的设计要求,提取VOBC子系统的功能特征,详细分析其测试需求,建立测试需求跟踪矩阵,针对每一项测试需求,基于因果图法设计测试案例的原理,借助Bender-RBT测试案例生成工具整理出完整的测试案例,并根据测试需求跟踪矩阵验证测试案例的覆盖情况。随着车载设备开发的迭代、演化,在对系统进行回归测试时,往往存在冗余的测试案例,因此可以对测试案例集进行优化精简以提高测试效率。本文在分析了现有的测试案例集优化方法的基础上,提出了一种基于测试需求精简的测试案例优化方法,给出可以精确描述测试需求间相互关系的测试需求精简模型,运用该思路获得精简测试需求集,进而优化测试案例集。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of urban mass transition in recent years, CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) system, characterized by its safety and effectiveness, has become the first choice of the signal system. Home-made CBTC, having acquired independent intellectual property rights, has come into trial run of engineering projects and will break the monopoly of foreign producers. Vehicle onboard controller, the core of CBTC system, is responsible for all the safe-driving related control commends and must go through thoroughly strict testing and verification before coming into use.Well organized and standardized test cases will lead to efficient test implementation. So this paper is focused on the method of design and optimization of test cases for VOBC equipment. It is first introduced that VOBC test platform has applied the hybrid test method. Requirements-Based testing is of great importance in safety critical system. Because of complex function and large number of interfaces of onboard system, Cause-effect graphs are chosen to design test cases.Then we abstract function features from VOBC subsystem requirement specification and construct the test requirements traceability matrix in order to make sure that all the requirements are satisfied. Then we describe each of the requirements in the pattern of cause-effect graph. By use of the tool for generating test cases, Bender-RBT, complete test cases are created and reviewed. Strong coverage can be also achieved if the graph is proper.The iteration and evolution in the process of VOBC equipment development often results in redundant cases, and thus we can reduce the test cases to improve the test efficiency. This paper reviewed current test cases reduction methods and proposed a new testing requirement reduction model that can describe the interrelations among the testing requirements in detail. The results show that this method is helpful to generate smaller test suite and contribute to effective testing.更多还原