樟脑磺酸掺杂制备可溶性聚苯胺

【作者】 袁程程；

【导师】 吴广峰；

【作者基本信息】 长春工业大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 导电聚苯胺具有结构多样化,独特的掺杂机制,优异的物理化学性能和广泛的技术应用前景等特点,成为导电高聚物领域的研究热点。多年来大量的系统研究发现,导电聚苯胺的分子结构、物理化学性能强烈依赖于合成方法与合成条件。采用化学氧化聚合法,以苯胺(An)为单体,过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂,在酸性介质中合成聚苯胺(PANI)。本论文采用溶液聚合法,樟脑磺酸(CSA)作为掺杂剂,在间甲酚(m-c)与三氯甲烷(ch)的混合溶剂中对聚苯胺进行了掺杂研究,并考查了反应时间、反应温度、掺杂剂及用量和间甲酚(m-c)与三氯甲烷(ch)的混合溶剂比例对其导电性的影响。采用四探针法测量了掺杂态聚苯胺的电导率,并用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热失重(TGA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等方法表征了樟脑磺酸掺杂前后聚苯胺的结构和形态。研究发现,溶液聚合法制备的樟脑磺酸掺杂聚苯胺具有良好的溶解性。掺杂能够使聚苯胺在保持较好溶解性的同时,提高其电导率。实验结果表明,在0-25℃范围内,反应温度对PANI-CSA薄膜的电导率影响不大,在6℃,掺杂时间24h、PANI/CSA (mol/mol)为1/50、m-c/ch(V/V)为20/80的条件下,电导率的最大值为400 S·cm-1。聚苯胺具有良好的环境稳定性和结晶性。通过调整樟脑磺酸掺杂量,膜的致密均匀性显著改善,电导率增加。樟脑磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺的热稳定性较好,热失重温度可达约280℃,有利于生产加工。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conducting polyaniline (PANI) has become the heat research area in the field of conducting polymer, because of its various structure, unique doping mechanism, excellent physical and chemical properties and wide prospect in applied technology. Many systemic studies indicate that the molecular structure, physical and chemical properties of polyaniline (PANI) doped on the synthesis method and reaction conditions, intensively. Aniline (An) was oxidized by ammonium persulfate (APS) in acidic aqueous solutions for the synthesis of polyaniline.In this paper, the camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) doped polyaniline (PANI) was polymerized in m-cresol (m-c) and chloroform (ch) mixed solvent, and researches for effects of the doping parameters such as time, temperature, the amount of dopant and the ratio of m-cresol (m-c) and chloroform (ch) mixed solvent for doping on conductivity of polyaniline (PANI). Four-probe method was used to measure the conductivity of doped polyaniline (PANI), the conductivity of which has good environmental stability. The structure and morphology of doped polyaniline (PANI) was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, X-ray diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy.Doped polyaniline not only can maintain a good solubility but also enhance their electrical conductivity. High conductivity of PANI-CSA was synthesized by doping temperature for 6℃, doping time for 24 h, PANI/CSA (mol/mol) for 1/50, m-c/ch (V/V) for 20/80. Maximum of conductivity was 400 S-cm-1. PANI-CSA had a good environmental stability and crystallinity. By adjusting the amount of dopant camphor sulfonic acid, the dense of membrane and uniformity was significantly improved with the increase of electrical conductivity. The thermal stability of Camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) doped polyaniline is better and the thermal gravity temperature of 280℃, is conducive to production and processing.更多还原