【作者】 沙原；

【导师】 修树新；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 托妮·莫里森(Toni Morrison,1931—)是当代美国文学界极具影响力的黑人女作家,也是迄今为止唯一获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国黑人女作家。托妮·莫里森在其文学创作中注重保存和弘扬黑人文化,塑造了许多前所未有的鲜活的黑人女性形象。通过这些颠覆传统的黑人女性形象的塑造,莫里森把自己的笔锋直指黑人女性的内心世界,深刻而又细腻地展现了在种族歧视和性别歧视的双重压迫下,黑人妇女的真正心声。莫里森修正了过去美国黑人文学偏重描写男性的倾向,开始从黑人妇女的视角来观照周围的世界,使黑人女性的生活经验和感受得到真正的验证和抒发。托妮·莫里森是一位多产的黑人女作家,迄今为止她已经写了九部长篇小说,一篇童话,一部戏剧和一本散文集等等。《秀拉》(Sula,1973)是莫里森的第二部作品,其在莫里森的创作生涯中占据重要作用,《秀拉》的出版曾经在美国文学界引起轩然大波,并且成为评论界的“宠儿”,这主要是由于莫里森笔下的秀拉(小说的同名主人公)的叛逆和不符合常规。这部小说通过对三位典型的黑人女性形象---伊娃、秀拉和奈尔的刻画,探索了黑人女性找寻自我认同的痛苦与艰辛,彰显了黑人女性意识正在觉醒这一主题。1975年,莫里森正是凭借《秀拉》获得了美国国家图书奖和俄亥俄文萃图书奖的提名。1993年,诺贝尔评选委员会也对《秀拉》的创作风格和生动的人物形象给与了高度评价。鉴于此,本文作者试图以莫里森小说《秀拉》为研究切入点,通过对比美国和中国国内文学评论界对莫里森小说《秀拉》近十年的译介、研究和评论状况,从研究主体、研究内容、研究和批评视角等方面对莫里森小说《秀拉》的中美研究现状进行了梳理和分析,探讨了美国和中国评论界对莫里森小说《秀拉》的研究特色和态势,并且提出了我国在《秀拉》这部小说的研究上存在的问题以及今后可能的研究方向。经过全面的综述和详实的对比分析,作者得出结论：在美国对《秀拉》研究主体更广泛,研究方法更多样,批评视角更丰富。因此,我们期待有更多关于《秀拉》和莫里森其他作品的研究资料的引进,来推动国内对《秀拉》的研究的发展。尽管本研究只是以《秀拉》为切入点的个案研究,但作者期望本研究的结论在某种意义上会对中国文学界对莫里森及其作品的整体研究和评论现状产生一定的参考和启发作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Toni Morrison (1931-) as one of the most prominent novelists in contemporary American literature, is so far the first and the only Afro-American women writer who wins the Nobel Prize for Literature (1993). Toni Morrison tries hard to protect and carry forward black culture. She revises the tendency and the habit of having males as protagonists in literary creation and begins to observe and judge the world from the perspective of the black women so as to make their life experience and feeling really be tested and expressed. She portrays vivid black women characters, who have never occured before in other black writers’writings. Through the portrayal of the black women images who always overturn the tradition, Toni Morrison points to the inside of the black females, and at the same time reveals finely and deeply the heartfelt wishes of the black women under racial and sexual oppression.Toni Morrison is a productive writer to some extent and so far she has produced nine novels, a tale, a paly and a collection of essays. Sula, Toni Morrison’s second novel, published in 1973, holds an important position in her writings and its publication stirred American literary field because of the special and rebellious image—Sula, who greatly gave rise to people’s surprise and the critics’ comments. In 1975, it was Sula that made Morrison get a nomination for the National Book Award and Ohioana Book Award and the novel was also highly praised by the Nobel Prize committee for it’s unique style and vivid characters.This thesis is a research review.lt aims to analyse the extensive literature of Sula both in America and in China.It compares the two countries’research from the perspectives of research subjects, research content and critical approaches, to exploe the features and trends of Sula’s research in America and China and reveals the existing problems in view of the above.Through careful analysis and comparison, the thesis arrives at the conclusion that the research subjects are more diversified, the research content is more inclusive and the critical approaches are more comprehensive in America.更多还原