基于BP神经网络的城市人居环境生态安全评价体系研究

【作者】 张武宏；

【导师】 唐敏康；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 安全工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 科学技术的巨大进步在满足人类日益增长的物质文化的同时也给社会造成了诸多生态环境问题,严重威胁着人的健康和人居生态环境的可持续发展,尤其是对人类的重要居住环境——城市生态安全影响最为严重。城市人居环境的生态安全问题是当今社会所共同面对的问题,科学合理地评价城市人居环境的生态安全,使公众深刻理解人居生态环境问题的严重性,提升城市生态环境管理和建设工作科学性和可操作性,为城市提供良好的人居环境,进而实现人类生存环境生态安全的可持续发展。城市人居环境生态安全的评价目前仍处于不断探索和发展的阶段,至今尚无成熟的理论体系和评价方法。本文前人研究的基础上,运用生态学理论和安全评价理论和相关的方法,对城市人居环境生态的安全评价作了进一步的探索研究。采用压力-状态-响应(P－S－R)模型和层次分析法(AHP),在充分分析影响城市生态安全各方面多因素的基础上,建立了以城市人居环境生态安全为目标层,系统压力与状态和系统响应为第一准则层,资源现状与环境质量、人口发展状况、社会发展状况、经济发展状况、生态系统响应、经济响应和人文社会响应等为第二准则层以及以25个城市环境基本因素为指标层的城市人居环境生态安全评价指标体系。在上述研究的基础上,本文以江西省的11个地级市生态环境情况为对象进行实例研究,对其生态环境安全等级进行了确定,并有针对性地提出了城市人居环境生态安全管理的对策。研究及应用结果表明,基于BP人工神经网络与Matlab平台(Delphi7和Matlab6.5等)相结合的城市人居环境生态安全评价模型是可行的,评价结果与目前各地级市的生态环境状况基本吻合。更多还原

【Abstract】 The great progress of science and technology has met the needs of human growing material and cultural, while it has caused many environmental problems at the same time. It is also a serious threat to human health and the sustainable development of human ecological environment, especially, the influence to the ecological security of city which is the important human settlements is the most serious.The ecological security of human settlements of city is one of the problems faced by the society. We estimate the ecological security of human settlements of city scientifically and rationally, which make public profoundly understand the importance of ecological environment, and promote the operability of ecological environment management and construction of the city, and provide good human settlements. What’s more, the sustainable development of human ecological security will come true.At present, the ecological security assessment of human settlements of city is still at exploring constantly and developing stage, and there are no ripe theoretical system and appraisal method. Based on the previous studies, the paper uses the theory of ecology and the theory of safety assessment and related methods, and then makes further study to the security assessment of the human settlements of city. In this article, using the PSR model and AHP, bases on all aspects of many factors, a index system of ecological safety evaluation of human settlement of city has been established, firstly, which uses ecological safety of human settlement of city as the target layer; secondly, uses systematic pressure and the state and systematic response as the first rule layer; thirdly, uses resource status and environmental quality, the status of population development, the status of social development, economic response, ecological and social response and so on as the second rule layer; finally, uses 25 basic elements of city environment as the index layer.On the basis of the said research, this paper, taking ecological environment situations of 11 prefecture-level cities in Jiangxi Province for instances, sets the security ratings of ecological environment, and proposes some measures for ecological security management. According to research and application results, it is feasible of the evaluation model of ecological environment security of human settlements of city, which combines BP neural net work with Matlab. The evaluation result is basically in line with circumstances of prefecture-level cities.更多还原