【作者】 刘娟；

【导师】 葛明贵；

【作者基本信息】 安徽师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 依恋是人类长期生物进化的结果,是人类生存与适应的重要方式。基于个体的依恋经历而形成的内部工作模型引导着个体在社会关系中的认知、情感和行为。内部工作模型被看做是个体依恋风格的内化。随着社会认知研究范式引入成人依恋的研究领域,研究者对不同依恋风格个体的心理特征尤其是个体在认知、情绪过程中的心理特点及其差异越来越关注,并且取得了大量的研究成果。同时发现,关于内部工作模式起作用的机制研究还处于起步阶段。本研究借助快速序列视觉呈现实验,安排应激激活与非激活依恋系统两种条件,探讨了不同依恋风格大学生对依恋相关性情绪信息(亲近性词语和疏远性词语)、一般情绪信息(一般积极词和一般消极词)以及中性信息的注意偏向的差异,并结合不同依恋风格个体社会支持情况进行分析,得出以下结论：1.两种条件下,个体均表现出了显著的AB效应。个体对于依恋相关情绪信息具有高敏感性。对亲近性词语、疏远性词语这两类依恋相关的情绪信息表现出显著的注意偏向,AB效应在目标词为中性词时最为明显,亲近性和疏远性词语最弱。2.应激情境下,个体依恋系统的激活会提高对于依恋相关信息的注意水平,增加其敏感性；而非应激情境下,不存在这一状况。3.不同依恋风格个体,对于各种情绪类型词语均表现出了显著的AB效应。亲近性、疏远性这两种依恋相关词语报告正确率显著高于一般积极词和一般消极词,而中性词最低。4.不同依恋风格个体在客观支持上差异不显著,但在主观支持上,安全型依恋的个体显著优于非安全型依恋的个体。结合研究结果和当前教育实际,提出了教育应多用正性的依恋信息替代负性依恋信息；依据学生的依恋风格特点以及依恋系统的激活状况,提供客观的情感支持以增加教育的针对性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Attachment is an important mode of adaptation and survival, and it is the result of human evolution as well. The internal working models, which are formed on the base of the individual’s attachment history, direct the cognitive, the affect, and the behavior of the individual in relational context. It is seen as the internalization of attachment styles. With the introduction of social cognitive paradigms into the field of adult attachment research, there is growing concern about the individual differences during the cognitive process between different attachment styles. While the research on the mechanism that the internal working models study is still at a start level.Using positive words, proximity words, distance words, negative words, neutral words as target, and this research is conducted to test the attention bias of emotional information between people with different attachment styles with the condition of RSVP paradigm. This study also combines different attachment styles of individual social support, contact the family and school education, the actual conduct of a comprehensive analysis of the following conclusions:1. Individuals show significant AB effect not only in stress situations but also in no-stress situations. And individuals show high sensitivity with the information related to attachment.The AB effect of neutral words is the strongest, the effect of negative words and positive words is weaker, the weakest is the effect of proximity words and distance words.2. Under the stress situations, the individual attachment system activation will increase the sensitivity of attachment about the attention of relevant information.3. Every kinds of attachment style show significant AB effect on every kind of target words. The AB effect of neutral words is the strongest; the effect of negative words and positive words is weaker. The weakest is the effect of proximity words and distance words. 4. There is no significant differences on attachment styles of different individuals in an objective support, but in the subjective support for secure attachment ones is significantly higher than the non-secure attachment ones.By combining the research result and educational practice together, this research also puts forward some suggestions. During education process positive attachment related information should supersede negative attachment related information. Providing objective emotional support based on student attachment style and the activation situation of attachment system, in order to increase the relevance of education.更多还原