【作者】 陈伟；

【导师】 范雪荣；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 纺织工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 角质酶是一种可以降解植物角质的水解酶,也能分解甘油三酯和脂肪酸酯等,对于以聚合物形式存在的酯类化合物角质酶的分解能力更强。作为一种多功能酶,角质酶可以应用于生物催化、洗涤剂、食品等很多领域。此外,它还在合成塑料降解方面起到重要作用。用于纺织工业是角质酶近年来的新的应用方向,特别是在棉织物酶精练加工中的应用。本文以江南大学自制的角质酶和果胶酶为研究对象,进行棉针织物的精练研究。通过研究角质酶处理后棉针织物各项性能的变化考察角质酶的精练效果;将角质酶和果胶酶复合,比较单一果胶酶和复合酶精练的效果差异。考察角质酶对果胶酶精练的促进作用,并对复合酶精练机理做了初步的研究。试验结果表明:单独使用角质酶可以提高棉针织物的润湿性能,热水预处理能提高角质酶的作用效果;非离子表面活性剂能够提高角质酶对棉织物的精练效果。通过单因素试验明确了角质酶浓度、处理时间、pH以及预处理条件对角质酶处理的影响规律。角质酶和果胶酶复合酶精练结果显示:角质酶对果胶去除效果较差,而复合酶果胶去除率比单独果胶酶要高;复合酶对润湿性能提升较大。棉蜡是决定棉纤维润湿性能的关键物质,角质酶和果胶酶去除的棉蜡成分的种类与数量可能存在差异。角质酶能够分解角质等疏水性酯类物质,而果胶酶去除的是附着在果胶质上的棉蜡,这部分间接去除的棉蜡对润湿性的影响不如疏水性酯类物质对润湿性的影响大,导致果胶酶对润湿性的改善不如角质酶。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cutinase is an enzyme of hydrolyzing plant cuticle and it can also hydrolysis other fatty acid ester and triglyceride. But the capability for hydrolyzing polyester is better for cutinase. As a multifunctional enzyme, cutinase usually used in biocatalysis, detergents, food industry and degradation of synthetic plastics.The textile industry has become a new field for the application of cutinase in recent years.In this paper cotton knitted fabrics were scoured by cutinase, pectinase and cutinase /pectinase, respectively. The scouring effects were investigated in terms of removal percentage of pectins, removal percentage of cotton waxes, tensile strength and wetting ability of the treated fabrics. We studied the catalytic role of cutinase in the pectinase scouring. The results showed that cutinase can improve the wetting ability of cotton knitted fabric, particularly containing a hot water pretreatment before treatment, the wetting ability was markedly improved. The non-ionic surfactants can improve the scouring effects of cutinases.The factors such as cutinase concentration, treatment time, pH and pretreatment conditions were studied through single factor circulation experiments.The scouring results using cutinase and pectinase complex showed that cutinase has very poor ability in remaoving pectins. The pectin removal percentage using complex enzymes was higher than pectinase alone.The complex enzymes significantly improved the wetting ability of cotton knitted fabrics Cutin may be the main reason affecting the wetting ability of cotton fiber.The com- ponents of cotton wax which was removed by cutinase and pectinase may be different.Cutinase can hydrolysis cutin and other hydrophobic esters, but pectinase can just remove the cotton wax that is attached to the pectin.The effect of this part cotton wax is inferior to the wax removed by cutinase.So the wetting ability of cotton frabic treated by cutinase is better than pectinase.更多还原