【作者】 常建闯；

【导师】 李福勤；

【作者基本信息】 河北工程大学 ， 环境工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 气浮净水技术作为一种高效、快速的固-液分离技术,已广泛应用于石油化工废水的处理,去除废水中油脂和悬浮物。针对传统溶气气浮工艺在工程应用中暴露出来的溶气罐体积大、填料层易堵塞、反应系统占地大、溶气释放器易堵塞等诸多问题,基于提高其处理含油废水的效率,对溶气、释放和混合反应等关键技术进行开发研究。本实验分两阶段,以含油废水为处理对象,首先采用实验室试验装置对各系统主要影响因素进行试验研究,确定相关技术应用的主要参数。然后采用集成化气浮装置在某油田进行现场试验研究,考察系统运行稳定性。实验室试验原水采用某油田气浮浮渣重新乳化配制,含油量和SS含量均稳定在60mg/L左右。试验结果表明,在原水流量0.5 m3/h前提下最佳运行参数为:溶气压力0.60 MPa、回流比20%、气水比13%、管式反应器絮凝速率0.80 m/s、停留时间45 s、PAC投加量60 mg/L,此时,出水水质:出水SS含量≤5 mg/L,含油量≤2 mg/L。在管式反应器的反应段中部加入溶气水,有利于共聚气浮,对油和SS的去除率明显提高。最后建立了管式反应器的简单数学模型,可用于工程指导。采用小型集成化装置(设计流量0.5m3/h)在某油田污水处理站进行了现场试验,主要考察气浮装置对含油废水的处理效果、运行稳定性。气浮装置连续运行45天,结果表明:在进水SS和油含量均低于100 mg/L的情况下,出水SS含量≤15 mg/L,含油量≤2 mg/L,去除率分别达到85%和96% ,去除效果良好;在含油量和SS含量偶有超过100 mg/L时,出水水质正常,运行稳定。总之,高效溶气系统、无堵释放器、管式反应器等系统处理含油废水效果良好、运行稳定,在石油、化工、钢铁等工业含油废水处理领域有广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flotation purification as an efficient, rapid and solid-liquid separation technology has been widely used to remove grease and suspended solid in petrochemical wastewater treatment. The traditional dissolved air flotation process exposed many problems in engineering applications. For example, dissolved gas cylinders are bulky, filling layer is easy to plug, reaction system covers a large area and dissolved gas release devices are easy to plug. To improve its treatment efficiency of oily wastewater, this paper researched and developed some key technologies such as dissolving air, releasing and mixing reaction.This experiment was divided into two phases. In the first phase, main affecting factors were studied with laboratory experiment devices and key parameters associated with technology application were determined. In the second phase, a pilot-scale test was carried out in an oil field using an integrated flotation device and the operation stability of the system was examined.The test raw water was re-emulsified by using air flotation scum in an oil field, the oil content and SS were about 60 mg/L respectively. The experimental results showed that when the flux of raw water was 0.5 m3/s, the best operating parameters included:saturation pressure was 0.60 MPa, reflux ration was 20%, GWP was 13%, the rate of flocculating was 0.8 m/s, retention time was 45 s, the adding quantity of PAC was 60 mg/L and SS and oil content in effluent were less than 5 mg/L and 2 mg/L respectively. It was helpful for copolymerization with air-flotation when aerated water was added in the middle of conversionzone of tubular reactor, the removal rates of oil and SS were obviously improved. A simple mathematical model of tubular-reactor was built at last, which could be used for engineering.Laboratory experimental raw water was obtained by using an oil flotation scum preparation, oil content, and SS contents were in stable condition at the 50mg / L or so. The results show that in the original water flow 0.5 m3/h under the premise of optimum operation parameters are: dissolved gas pressure of 0.60 MPa, reflux ratio 20%, gas-water ratio 13%, tube-type reactor flocculation rate 0.80 m/s, residence time 45 s, PAC dosage of 60 mg / L, this time, water quality: the effluent SS concentration≤5 mg/L, oil content≤2 mg/L. In the tubular reactor the reaction by adding dissolved air and water in central segment is conducive to copolymerization flotation, the removal of oil and SS has improved significantly. Finally set up a simple tubular reactor mathematical model can be used to guide project.A small integrated unit (design flow 0.5m3/ h) was used in an oil field sewage treatment plant for a pilot-scale test to mainly examine the oily wastewater treatment effect and the operation stability of the floatation device. The flotation device ran for 45 days continuously and the results showed that: when the SS and the oil content of the influent were both lower than 100 mg/L, the effluent SS≤15 mg/L, oil content≤2 mg/L, and the removal rate of those were 85% and 96% respectively. The removal effect was good. When the SS and the oil content of the influent were both higher than 100 mg/L occasionally, the effluent quality was normal and the flotation device ran stablly.In short, efficient dissolved air system, non-blocking release unit, tubular reactor etc. have good treatment effect and stable operation in oily wastewater treatment and will have broad application prospects in the petroleum, chemical, steel and other industrial oily wastewater treatment.更多还原