【作者】 王重群；

【导师】 陈和华；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 一部刑罚发展史,就是刑罚逐渐人性化、轻缓化的历史。在法治先进国家中,社区矫正已取代监禁刑成为刑罚的主要执行手段。然而,在我国,受落后的司法理念、不完善的配套制度、不科学的运行程序等因素限制,社区矫正在行刑实践中并未得到应有的重视,超低的缓刑、假释、监外执行的适用率反映了社区矫正可有可无的点缀品的地位。因此,有必要在重新审视并正确把握社区矫正矫正的作用的基础上,从宁波市社区矫正实践出发,对我国未成年犯社区矫正低效运行的现状进行反思,找出制度构建上的不足,并予以重构。本文共分为四个部分:第一部分,概括介绍社区矫正的概念及未成年犯社区矫正在国内外的发展历程,试图剖析未成年犯社区矫正在被各国普遍推崇的原因,分析得出对未成年犯适用社区矫正措施的四方面意义。第二部分,介绍宁波市社区矫正的概况,从组织保障、矫正制度建设、矫正队伍、矫正经费等五方面介绍宁波市社区矫正的基本情况,同时详细地对宁波市社区矫正的衔接以及执行作了说明,并概括出了宁波市未成年犯社区矫正工作的特色和存在的不足。第三部分,结合宁波市的矫正实践,从公众基础、立法规定、机构设置、矫正队伍等六方面分析我国未成年犯社区矫正制度存在的问题。第四部分,提出完善未成年犯社区矫正的建议和设想,认为应首先解决社区矫正的公众基础问题;其次应加强立法,构建并完善未成年犯社区矫正的法律规定;再次,在矫正机构上,应当设立专门的社区矫正机构,并针对未成年矫正对象的特殊性实现矫正队伍的职业化、专业化;最后,针对社区矫正的不同阶段,提出建立和完善相关制度的建议。如在实施社区矫正前应建立再犯预测机制,在实施社区矫正时应建立适合未成年人特点的社区矫正项目,在社区矫正后应构建前科消灭制度等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The history of criminal punishment is the history of humanity. In western countries, community treatment has taken the place of imprisonment as the main way to carry out criminal punishment. However, restricted by such elements as laggard judicial notions, incompetent related systems and imperfect application procedure, community treatment gets a cold reception in China. The ultra-low application rate of probation and parole reflects the awkward situation of community treatment in China. Therefore, there is a need to pay attention to the phenomenon, find out the deficiency in parole system and reconstruct it. The Ningbo Mode may give us some inspiration.The article is divided into four parts:The first part introduces and demonstrates the conception of community treatment and the history of community treatment to juvenile offenders both inside and outside China, tries to analyze the reason that community treatment is so widely respected, and figures out four meanings to apply community treatment to juvenile offenders. The second part introduces the overall situation of community treatment in Ningbo from five aspects such as system construction and fund assurance. Meanwhile, the article carefully introduces the execution procedure of community treatment in Ningbo, and summarizes both features and defects in the system and practice of community treatment in Ningbo.The third part analyzes the defects in the system of community treatment in China from six aspects such as public acceptance, legislature and institutional construction based on Ningbo practice.The fourth part puts forward pertinent measures to perfect the system of community treatment in China. Firstly, it should be well assured that the public know and accept community treatment; secondly, the relevant law should be formed and a perfect law system on community treatment should be constructed; thirdly, a specialized agency on community treatment should be founded, and should be equipped with professional personnel; fourthly, the relevant sub-system should be perfected, for example, recommitment prediction system and criminal record elimination system shall be established.更多还原