【作者】 姜琴；

【导师】 张利民；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 我国新《公司法》规定了派生诉讼制度、异议股东回购请求权制度和累积投票制度,该三大制度一起构成对中小股东利益保护的基础。在三大制度中,异议股东回购请求权制度地位突出。《公司法》第75条和第143条分别规定了有限责任公司和股份有限公司的异议股东回购请求权,但由于规定比较原则,可操作性不强,在实践应用中存在较多争议。为此,最高人民法院在2005年将股东回购请求权纳入重点调研课题,交予广东高院课题组调研,但最终并未发布司法解释或形成共识性的纪要。笔者认为有必要对该制度做进一步探讨。全文分以下部分:前言阐述了异议股东回购请求权在我国的产生过程及历史背景,揭示我国公司在发展过程中由所有权与经营权分离所产生的利益冲突。法院审判实践中遇到的诸如适用尺度等问题呼唤着这一制度的完善和具体化。第一部分论述了异议股东回购请求权的权利属性、该制度在公司制度中确定和发展的进程。文章从该制度产生的历史原因和理论依据两个方面论述了该制度对调整公司大小股东利益冲突、达到公司利益均衡、实现公司内部平等的意义。第二部分从我国公司治理模式角度阐释了在我国建立异议股东回购请求权制度的必要性,并分析了我国《公司法》相关规定的特征,指出规定的缺陷。异议股东回购请求权制度为平衡公司之间的利益冲突,赋予了小股东救济的途径,但由于法律规定的笼统,在实践中难以统一操作。第三部分以美国、韩国、日本以及我国台湾地区为研究范本,考察了这一制度在上述国家和地区的适用情况,如适用的公司类型、股东类型、情事、行权程序等,以期借鉴境外的合理规定,完善我国异议股东股份回购请求权规则。第四部分从我国公司体制发展的历史进程和特色阐述异议股东回购请求权制度在我国公司制度中确定的必然性,同时指出该制度虽然被我国公司法明确规定,但仍存在操作上的缺陷。从多个方面剖析现行法律对该制度规定的弊端。第五部分分析了异议股东股份回购请求权之保护在我国司法实践中遇到的问题,并就其适用范围、行权程序、回收价格、对权利的限制、回购后的法律问题等,提出了一些改进方案和建议。结语中指出公司法规定异议股东回购请求权制度符合现行经济发展的需要,但是由于法律设计的问题,在实践中需要统一适用的尺度。我们应该借鉴国外成功的运行模式对这一制度加以完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The system of derivative lawsuits, appraisal rights and cumulative voting, which are adopted by the new company law, constitute fundaments of the protection of minority shareholders. Appraisal rights projects much in these three arrangements. Article 75 and 143 provide for appraisal rights concerning respectively limited liability corporations and stock Corporation, Ltd. When a corporation does not prosecute a cause of action itself, corporate shareholders may assert a claim on the entity’s behalf. These claims, usually initiated against a director, officer, or third party, are termed "derivative lawsuits". However, for lack of terms on operating this system, judges can hardly be given on the same scale in practice. So Supreme People’s Court ranked it as an important research project, and let Guangdong High People’s Court work at it in 2005. Nevertheless, it failed to get a judicial interpretation or a summary. So it’s necessary to make a further study on the practical requirements, theoretical foundation and aspects need perfection of this system.This article consists of following parts:Preface gives a brief introduction on the adaptation and historic background of the system of derivative lawsuits. This system was embodied as a result of benefit conflict aroused by the separation of ownership and right of management. The new Company Law comes into force on January 1st 2006, but judges can hardly be given on the same scale in practice. To perfect the terms on operating the system of derivative lawsuits, so as to make it more practical, is the direct cause for author to study on this project.The first part deals with the objection of the rights of shareholder appraisal rights properties, the system in the system determine and development process. the article from the system theory of historical reasons and based on two aspects of the system to adjust the size of the conflict of interest, to the interests of the company balanced and implementation of internal dscourses the benefit conflicts between controlling shareholdersandminorityones,aswellashowtoprotectthelegaladvantagesofminorityshareholdersbykeepingthecompanyrunningnormally.Thoughauthorelaboratesthefeasibilityofderivativelawsuits,itisimpossibletooperateforlackofdetailedtermsonthissystem.Thesecondpartofcorporategovernancemodefromtheanglebroughtupinourcountryfromtheshareholderappraisalrightssystemofnecessity,andanalysisourcompanylawoftherelevantregulationsandprovisionsofthedefectspointedout.Theobjectionoftheshareholderappraisalrightssystemtobalancetheinterestsofconflict,thesmallshareholders’relief,butbecauseofthelawofthegeneral,inpracticeitunified.Thethirdpartgivesageneraloverviewontheoperationofthissystemofderivativelawsuitsinforeigncountries,suchasKorea,Japan,theUnitedStates,andTaiwanDistrictbyintroducingtheapplicationofcorporationsandshareholders,procedures,determineofrepurchaseprice,etc,fromourcompanypolicytodevelophistoricalprocessandcharacteristicsofthisobjectionshareholdersappraisalrightssysteminourcompanysystemintheinevitabilityandthesystembyourcompanylawexplicitlystipulatesthat,buttherearestilloperateontheflaw.fromseveralaspectstoanalyzetheexistinglawthesystemofabuses.Thefifthpartputsfocusonthedifficultiesthatappearinjudicialpracticeofthissysteminourcountry,existingintheapplication,proceduresofthesystemanddeterminationofrepurchaseprice.Thenauthorputsforwardthesuggestionsofsolutionsfromthesethreeaspects.Theepilogueputsforwardthattheprovisionofderivativelawsuitsshouldbeinlinewiththeeconomicgrowth.Asthissystemisembodiedbylaw,thedegreeofapplicationofitshallbeunified.Authorwishedthesystemofderivativelawsuitstobeimprovedbydrawinglessonsfromforeigncountries.更多还原