【作者】 马世峰；

【导师】 侯平； 张汝民；

【作者基本信息】 浙江农林大学 ， 生态学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 为探讨园林植物挥发性有机物成分及其动态特征,本研究选取绿化中使用频率较高桂花、香樟、杨梅和刚竹4种园林植物为研究对象,采用动态顶空套袋法和热脱附/气相色谱/质谱联用分析法(TDS/GC/MS)对4种植物释放挥发性有机物成分及其动态特性进行了系统地研究,目的是为园林植物科学配置和管理提供理论依据。主要结果如下:1.桂花共检测到醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类、酯类、萜类和酸类七类化合物桂花在日动态和5-9月季动态中,都以酯类化合物含量所占比例最高,其次是萜类化合物。酯类化合物都以(Z)-乙酸-3-己烯-1-醇酯为主;萜类化合物在日动态中以二氢香茅醇、六-氢-法呢醇为主,在5-9月份季动态中以二氢香茅醇、Z-罗勒烯为主。桂花最主要是以释放酯类化合物(Z)-乙酸-3-己烯-1-醇酯为主的树种。2.香樟共检测到醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类、酯类、萜类和酸类七类化合物,香樟在日动态和5-9月季动态中,萜类化合物含量都占有绝对的优势。在9:00-17:00日动态中,萜类化合物以π罗勒烯、(E)-罗勒烯、(+)-2-樟脑和二氢香茅醇为主,5-9月生长季动态中,以π罗勒烯、(Z)-罗勒烯、(E)-罗勒烯、(+)-2-樟脑、1R-π派烯、莰烯为主。香樟是以释放萜类化合物以罗勒烯和樟脑为主的树种。3.刚竹共检测到醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类、酯类、萜类和酸类七类化合物,在日动态和5-9月份季动态中,刚竹主要是以释放萜类化合物,其次为醇类化合物和醛类化合物,萜类化合物以罗勒烯、二氢香茅醇、别香树烯为主;醇类化合物以(Z)-3-己烯-1-醇为主,醛类化合物在日动态中以2-甲基-4-戊烯醛、癸醛为主,在5-9月季动态中,以壬醛和癸醛为主。刚竹最主要是以释放萜类化合物罗勒烯和二氢香茅醇为主树种。4.杨梅共检测到醛类、烯类、醇类、酮类、酯类、萜类和酸类七类化合物,在9:00-17:00日动态中,主要释放萜类化合物,其次是醇类化合物,萜类化合物以π罗勒烯、石竹烯、π石竹烯、二氢香茅醇和(Z)-罗勒烯,醇类化合物以2-乙基-1-己醇为主,在5-9月生长季动态中,主要释放萜类化合物,萜类化合物以石竹烯、π石竹烯、π罗勒烯、(Z)-罗勒烯、(E)-罗勒烯、二氢香茅醇和(+)-π芹子烯为主。杨梅最主要是以释放萜类化合物石竹烯和罗勒烯为主的树种。5.植物所释放的挥发性有机物的种类和含量主要是由植物本身的遗传特性所决定。同种植物一天中不同时刻和生长季内不同月份所释放VOCs的成分、含量不同,另外,4种植物种属之间的亲缘关系不同,释放出的挥发性化合物种类与含量不同。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the Garden Plant Volatile Organic Compounds and its dynamics characteristics, Osmanthus fragrans、Cinnamomum camphora、Phyllostachys viridis and Myrica rubra were selected as the research object, because they were frequencly used in greening. This study use dynamic headspace collection and thermal desorption / Gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (TDS / GC / MS) to analysis volatile organic constituents and its dynamics characteristics, The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific disposition and management of the Garden Plant .The main results are following:1. Osmanthus fragrans volatilize seven types of compounds which include aldehydes、alkenes、alcohols、ketones、esters、terpenoids、and acids. The esters accounted for the highest proportion of all compounds in day and May-September, followed by terpenoids. Esters were mainly consisted of (Z)-acetate -3-Hexen-1-ol, terpenoids were mainly consisted of dihydrocitr- onellol、hexa-hydro- farnesol in day and dihydrocitronellol、Z-ocimene in May-September. Osmanthus fragrans the most important release of esters to (Z)-acetate-3-Hexen-1-ol-based species.2. Cinnamomum camphora volatilize seven types of compounds which include aldehyde, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenoids, and acids. The terpenoids occupy an absolute superiority in day and May-September. In the 9:00-17:00 diurnal dynamics, terpenoids mainly consisted ofπ-ocimene、(E)-ocimene、(+)-2-camphor and dihydrocitronellol ; In May-September dynamics, its mainly consisted ofπ-ocimene、(Z)-ocimene、(E)-ocimene、(+) -2-camphor、1R-πPinene、camphene. Cinnamomum camphora is the most important release of terpenoids to ocimene and camphor-based species.3. Phyllostachys viridis volatilize seven types of compounds which include aldehydes、alkenes、alcohols、ketones、esters、terpenoids and acids. The Phyllostachys viridis mainly released terpenoids, followed by alcohols and aldehydes in day and May-September, terpenoids was mainly consisted of ocimene、dihydrocitronellol and alloaromadendrene; alcohols was mainly consisted of (Z)-3-hexene- 1-ol, aldehydes was mainly consisted of 2-methyl-4-Pentenal、decanal in day and nonanal、Decanal in May-September. Phyllostachys viridis is the most important release of terpenoids to ocimene and dihydrocitronellol-based species.4. Myrica rubra volatilize seven types of compounds which include aldehyde、alkenes、alcohols、ketones、esters、terpenoids and acids, In the 9:00-17:00 diurnal dynamics, Myrica rubra To explore the Garden Plant Volatile Organic Compounds and its dynamics characteristics, Osmanthus fragrans、Cinnamomum camphora、Phyllostachys viridis and Myrica rubra were selected as the research object, because they were frequencly used in greening. This study use dynamic headspace collection and thermal desorption / Gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (TDS / GC / MS) to analysis volatile organic constituents and its dynamics characteristics, The purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific disposition and management of the Garden Plant .The main results are following:mainly released terpenoids which were mainly consisted ofπ-ocimene、caryophyllene、πcaryophyllene、dihydrocitronellol and (Z)--ocimene, followed by alcohols which were mainly consisted of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol; In May-September dynamics, its mainly released terpenoids which were mainly consisted of caryophyllene、πcaryophyllene、π-ocimene、(Z)-ocimene、(E)-ocimene、dihydrocitronellol and (+)-πSelinene. Myrica rubra is the most important release of terpenoids to caryophyllene and ocimene-based species.5. The types and concentration of VOCs from plants is mainly determined by their genetic characteristics. That the same species released the VOCs components and concentration was different when was at different times of day and in different months during the growing season, That four plants released VOCs components and concentration is different when belong to the different kinship.更多还原