【作者】 仲强；

【导师】 徐中；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着节能型社会的发展,输送管道内涂层减阻技术越来越受到广泛的关注。本文以仿生凹坑非光滑表面减阻机理为依据,采用大尺寸自组装方法制备获得一种大颗粒陶瓷聚合物自组装凹坑非光滑表面涂层结构,并运用自行制作的流阻测试平台对其减阻性能进行了研究及表征。传统的凹坑非光滑表面的加工制作成本高,对加工基材有局限性,同时大多不适应于大面积的施工应用。本文中所应用的大尺寸自组装技术,操作简便,且所需的原料为普通的化工原料。首先以高岭土为基料,经过插层处理后,运用高分子网络凝胶法将其制备成不同粒径的陶瓷聚合物颗粒。然后以环氧聚氨酯互穿网络(IPN)为组装液,将不同粒径和含量的陶瓷聚合物颗粒加入其中,再加入相应的固化剂等助剂制得自组装液。为研究对表面凹坑轮廓的影响因素,本文将自组装试片分为六组,主要对聚合物颗粒的粒径和含量对表面轮廓的影响进行研究。并最终发现,影响陶瓷聚合物涂层表面凹坑分布的主要因素是聚合物颗粒的含量,而聚合物颗粒的粒径大小则是影响表面凹坑结构尺寸的主要因素。同时优化出符合理论模型的陶瓷聚合物颗粒的含量(10%)和粒径10±0.5μm。在参考前人的技术基础上,本文自行改进制作了流阻测试平台。该平台基于压差流阻测试法原理。通过测量流体流经测试管路后两段所产生的压力差来表征减阻效果——减阻率。在测试管路主体的选材、加工以及压力传感器的选择上与以往有所区别。为避免材料的浪费,采用64#槽钢为矩形凹槽的主体件,两端采用大口进、大口出的连接件方式,避免局部紊流对流体压力的影响。同时,为避免累积误差的出现,本实验装置中采用一个大量程、高精度的压力传感器和一个小量程、高精度的压差变送器,分别对入口压力和测试管路两端压力差进行检测。应用压力传感器配套的数据采集软件进行数据采集分析。分别对无涂层的光滑钢内壁、常用管道减阻涂层和大颗粒陶瓷聚合物自组装涂层进行了减阻性能测试,对比分析自组装涂层的减阻效果。同时将上述六组实验方案进行对比,优化出减阻性能最佳的表面凹坑结构,以及相对应的陶瓷聚合物颗粒的含量和粒径参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the development of energy-saving society, pipeline undercoat drag reduction technology becomes more widespread concern. This paper take the mechanism of bionic nonsmooth pits surface drag reduction as basis and get a kind of large ceramic polymer particles nonsmooth pits self-assembly coating in the way of macromolecules self-assembly. And the anti-drag property is tested in the self-restraint differential pressure experiment table.The traditional indentation nonsmooth surface processing production has many disadvantages such as the cost is high, processing base material has limitations and the working area is very narrow. Commensurate with that, in this paper, macromolecules self-assembly is simple and convenient. First, the intercalation kaolin is made into different size ceramic polymer particles by way of graph-gelling. And then, using the polyurethane-epoxy(IPN) as assembling varnish, put the different size ceramic polymer particles into the varnish together with the accessory ingredient. In the purpose of controlling the surface feature of the coating, it changes the size and the content of the ceramic polymer particles into six groups. At last, it find that distribution coefficient of pits due to the reason of the content of the ceramic polymer particles, and the size of it leads to the change of the size of pits. As the view, the surface of the self-assembly coating with the size(10±0.5μm) and the content(10%) coincides with the ideal model.With the study of former technical information, a improved drag-reduction test table is made in this paper. The basic theory is differential pressure experiment, in which tne anti-drag efficiency is remarked by the difference of the pressure between the two end of the testing pipeline. The material, processing method and the pressure sensor are all different with formers. To avoid the waste of material, it use rectangular groove 64# channels for the main body parts, and at the same time both ends link with bigger size steel tube in order to avoid local turbulent flow of fluid pressure effects. In order to avoid the accumulated error, one pressure sensor with large span and high-precision, and one differential pressure transducer with small span and high-precision, are used to test the pressure. The experimental data is collected and analysed by pressure sensor supporting data acquisition software.The anti-drag property of different coatings, such as no coating smooth steel inwall, normal coatings and large ceramic polymer particles nonsmooth pits self-assembly coating, is tested in the last of the paper. According to the comparison, the best pits nonsmooth surface is analysed and corresponding size and content of the ceramic polymer particles. So it gives some theory and experiment experience about the using of large self-assembly in making functionality coatings.更多还原