【作者】 孙彦华；

【导师】 席慧智；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 材料学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 马氏体不锈钢具有高强度和良好的耐蚀性,是船用压气机涡轮叶片的常用材料,但由于载荷条件和服役环境的影响,压气机叶片的冲蚀磨损和腐蚀-冲蚀磨损现象十分突出。随着舰船动力不断向大功率、高效率方向发展,研究马氏体不锈钢的抗冲蚀性能及其冲蚀机理,对提高压气机叶片的性能、使用寿命和可靠性,具有重要的工程意义。本文以1Cr11Ni2W2MoV、1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb和1Cr17Ni2压气机常用马氏体不锈钢为研究对象,采用增压气流固体颗粒冲蚀试验装置,对三种材料进行不同冲蚀角度的冲蚀实验及盐雾+冲蚀循环试验,分别讨论了在冲蚀角为30°和90°时,不同冲砂量对冲蚀速率的影响及盐雾腐蚀对冲蚀速率的影响。根据冲蚀砂量—冲蚀速率图,比较三种材料的耐冲蚀及耐盐雾+冲蚀性能。借助SEM、EDS和XRD,探讨材料的冲蚀机理,分析冲蚀产物。结果表明,在单一冲蚀试验中,三种材料在30°角冲蚀时,冲砂量较小的初始阶段,抗冲蚀性能取决于硬度,之后随冲砂量的增加取决于硬质颗粒相,其冲蚀机理为小角度犁削。在90°冲蚀时,抗冲蚀性能主要取决于裂纹形成。在盐雾+冲蚀循环试验中,三种材料在30°角和90°角冲蚀时,抗冲蚀性能取决于材料的耐腐蚀性,主要与材料的Cr、Nb含量有关。盐雾+冲蚀的冲蚀机理,仍为小角度犁削。三种材料抗冲蚀以及抗盐雾+冲蚀的能力为1Cr17Ni2> 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb>1Cr11Ni2W2MoV。更多还原

【Abstract】 Martensitic stainlcs steel was often used to produce the turbine blades of compressor because of its high strength and fine corrosion resistance. However, due to the impact of service environment and condition in load, the erosion wear and the corrosion-erosion wear of the compressor blades is a prominent phenomenon. Along with the ship power develops unceasingly to the high efficiency and large power, making an investigation on the erosion-corrosion resistance and its wear mechanism of martensitic stainless steel has an important significance to improve the properties, service life and reliability of the compressor blades for engineering application.In this paper, erosion and salt spray + erosion cycle testing of the 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV, 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb and 1Cr17Ni2 martensitic stainless steel often-used to compressor was carried out on different eroding angles with the solid particle air entrainment eroding testing equipment developed independently. The influences of the amount of quartz sand and the salt spray corrosion on the erosion rate have been investigated under 30°and 90°erosion angle. The resistance to erosion and salt spray+erosion of the three kinds of materials was compared through the amount of quartz sand-erosion rate curves. Erosive mechanism and erosive products have been analyzed with SEM,EDS and XRD. Erosion-Corrosion Resistance PropertyOnly in the action of erosion, the results showed that when amount of quartz sand was in a smaller volume, the erosion resistance of the materials eroded under the 30°erosion angle was decided by the materials hardness and then depended on the flinty particle with the increase in the volume of quartz sand which showed a small-angle plowing erosion mechanism. Under the 90°erosion angle, however, the erosion mainly was depended on the crack formation.During the cyclical test of salt spray and erosion, the erosion-corrosion resistance of the materials both under 30°and under 90°erosion angle was decided by the materials anti-corrosion concerned with the amount of Cr and Nb in the materials,which was also showed a small-angle plowing erosion mechanism.The erosion resistance and the salt spray+erosion resistance of the three kinds of material were shown to be 1Cr17Ni2> 1Cr12Ni2WMoVNb >1Cr11Ni2W2MoV。更多还原