【作者】 张峰；

【导师】 马树升；

【作者基本信息】 山东农业大学 ， 农业水土工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文是结合某丘陵山区重力式村镇供水管网规划的实际工程而完成的。众所周知,丘陵山区村镇供水管网与一般城市供水管网有很大的区别:第一,丘陵山区重力式供水管网与其水源地面标高相差悬殊,低区管段压力大,爆管问题严重;第二,受山地村镇布局的影响,山地管网延伸远,成环困难,可靠性低;第三,村镇用水量小且不均匀,时变化系数大,增加管网投资。因此,从丘陵山区重力式村镇供水的特点出发,设计出合理、经济、高效运行的管网,降低给水管网的建造和运行费用,成为提高村镇供水企业效益的重要环节。本文针对丘陵山区重力式村镇供水管网的特点,从多个角度进行了探索和研究。首先对供水管网设计的基础、给水管网的布置及其简化、管网系统的水力分析等进行了深入的研究,研制出适于丘陵山区重力式村镇供水的减压储水调节装置,并对装置的结构、运行方式、容积以及安装位置等进行了系统的研究;其次介绍了给水管网优化设计的现状和背景,论述了给水管网优化设计理论和给水管网的数学模型,提出了以管网总费用年折算值最小为目标,并加入管网供水可靠度为约束,以规划求解的方法优化管网模型。运用优化模型对四亩地水库集中供水工程管网进行了优化,对比设置减压储水调节装置前后管网的优化结果,确定减压储水调节装置和优化模型的经济效益,具有较强的实用性和经济性,对丘陵山区重力式村镇供水系统优化设计具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is based on a planning project of gravity water supply networks in hilly villages. As we all know, there are much differences between water supply networks in hilly villages and cities. Firstly, the difference of elevation between gravity water supply networks in hilly villages and water sources is very big. The pressure of pipelines in low area is high and the question of tube burst is serious. Secondly, the layout of mountainous villages affects the extension of pipelines and the reliability of it. In addition, it is far difficult into rings. Thirdly, the water consumption of villages and small towns is small and non-uniform. And hourly variation coefficient is big. All of that increases the investment of pipelines. Therefore, thinking into the characteristics of gravity water supply in hilly villages, to design rational, economic and efficient operation of pipe networks can reduce the cost of construction and operation of water supply networks. And it becomes an important link of improving the benefits of water supply enterprises in villages.In the paper, the characteristics of gravity water supply networks in hilly villages are explored and researched in many ways. First of all, I have researched thoroughly the basis for the design of water supply networks, the layout and simplification of water supply networks and the hydraulic analysis of pipeline system. And the conditioning device of decompression water that is suitable for gravity water supply networks in hilly villages has been designed. Besides, the structures, operation modes, volume and installing location of the device are researched systemically. Next, the present situation and background of optimal design of water supply networks are introduced, as well as the theory of optimal design of water supply networks and the mathematical model of water supply networks are discussed. Taking the discounted value of the minimum annual of the total cost of pipelines as the goal, adding the reliability of water supply networks to the constraint, and the approach to solving and planning to optimize pipelines has been proposed.Centralized water supply networks in the four acres of land reservoir have been optimized using the optimal model. By contrasting the optimal results of pipelines before and after installing the conditioning device of decompression water, the economic benefits of adjustment devices and optimal models are determined. It is strong practical and economic. And it has some guidance on the optimal design of gravity water supply networks in hilly villages.更多还原