【作者】 沈九明；

【导师】 祁群；

【作者基本信息】 华东政法大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 2009年2月28日,保险法修订草案经全国人大常委会审议通过并正式公布,同年10月1日起新《保险法》开始施行。保险法的修订是中国保险业发展的必然产物,反映了行业发展,保险监管及社会各界的现实需求。巧合的是大陆法系两个重要国家德国和日本,近几年也都对各自的保险法进行了系统的修订。因此可以说,中国保险法的修订顺应了世界保险法制度变革的趋势。受益人制度是保险合同的核心问题之一,关系到保险合同订立目的能否实现。新修订的《保险法》取得了不小的进步,如保险利益原则更加细化、明确;在责任保险中确立了第三者的直接请求权制度;明确了受益人与被保险人死于同一事件中如何处理等等。但对于受益人制度的相关规定仍然存在不足之处:将保险受益人限定于人身保险之中;为员工投保人身险,不得指定本单位作为受益人等无视保险实务需要的规定。本文拟就相关问题展开论述,全文共分为四章。第一章保险受益人之界定。本章从保险受益人基础理论入手,考察了受益人的涵义、资格问题。分析了受益人的受益权应当使用“保险金请求权”而非“赔偿请求权”,保险受益人的主体资格以及保险受益人对保险标的无需具有保险利益。第二章保险受益人存在之范围。该部分为本文重点章节,首先对理论界关于财产保险中是否存在受益人的两种相反观点进行了梳理和概括,然后通过比较和实证的方法着重论述了财产保险合同当中应当引入受益人制度的合理性、必要性与现实的紧迫性。第三章保险受益人之指定与变更。该章论述了保险受益人的指定与变更主体,行使指定与变更权的方式,以及对实务中出现的指定不规范、不明确的情形进行了分析。另外,本章针对新修订的《保险法》规定的为员工投保不得指定本单位作为受益人进行了评论并提出了一点浅显的看法:如此规定将打击单位为其员工投保的积极性,最终损害单位和员工的利益,也无益于保险业的发展。第四章保险受益人资格之丧失。本章从受益人自身和受益人以外两个方面阐述了受益人丧失受益资格的情形,以及由此产生的法律效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Feb. 28^th.2009, Insurance Act Amendment Bill was passed by the NPC standing Committee and officially published. The same year, on October 1st, the new“Insurance law”was put into effect. Insurance Act amendment is an inevitable product of the insurance industry, reflecting the practical needs of the industry, insurance supervision and the community. Coincidentally, Germany and Japan, two important countries in the civil law system, in recent years both had their insurance law systematically modified. Therefore we can say that China’s insurance law amendments conform to the world trend of changes in insurance law system.Beneficiary of insurance contract is one of the core issues, which relates to whether the purpose of the contract can be achieved. The newly revised“Insurance Law”has made big advances, such as the principles of insurable interest are more detailed and clearer , direct claim is established in the third party liability insurance, clear how to deal with this matter when the beneficiary and the insured die in the same incident and so on. However the relevant provisions of the beneficiary system are still not perfect: beneficiaries being limited to property insurance; companies shall not be designated as beneficiaries when they buy insurance for their employees which ignores the practical needs of insurance practice. This paper, which divided into four chapters, aims to discuss these relevant issues.The first chapter is on the definition of beneficiary. This chapter starts from the basic theories of insurance beneficiary, examines the meaning of the beneficiary and eligibility. Analyze that the beneficial rights should be called“insurance claim”rather than“compensation claim”. Insurance beneficiary eligibility and beneficiaries do not have to have insurable interest on insurance object.The second chapter is on the scope of the insurance beneficiary. This is one of the key parts of this paper. First, summarizing two opposing views in the academic community whether can beneficiary exists in property insurance. Then by comparing and empirical methods, focusing on the reasonableness, necessity and urgency of reality that beneficiary system should be introduced into property insurance.The third chapter is about the designation and change of insurance beneficiary. This chapter discusses who has the right to designate and change the beneficiary, how to exercise the right, and analyze how to deal with non-standard, ambiguous situations in practice. In addition, this paper also comments on the provision that company should not be designated as beneficiary when buy life insurance for its employees, and put forward some new views: such provision will crack down company’s enthusiasm and ultimately harm the interests of units and employees, and also not conducive to the development of the insurance industry.The last chapter is on the loss of eligibility of beneficiary. This chapter discusses the loss of beneficiary eligibility from two different aspects, and the resulting legal effect.更多还原