【作者】 王哲娟；

【导师】 范学铭；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 动物学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文分别用苯、苯酚、硝基苯对北方泥鳅进行处理,研究三种苯类药物对泥鳅的急性毒性和经处理后泥鳅整体及肝脏三种抗氧化酶的活性变化。研究结果如下:1、苯、苯酚、硝基苯毒害泥鳅不同时间的半致死浓度苯、苯酚、硝基苯溶液毒害泥鳅24h的半致死浓度( LC₅₀)分别为153.420μl/L、52.480μl/L、90.420μl/L;毒害48h的半致死浓度为141.213μl/L、44.757μl/L、82.310μl/L;毒害96h的半致死浓度为129.927μl/L、41.197μl/L、79.697μl/L。苯酚对泥鳅的毒性最大,其次为硝基苯,苯的毒性最小。2、三种苯类药物对泥鳅三种抗氧化酶的影响泥鳅受三种苯类药物胁迫后,泥鳅整体抗氧化酶发生了显著的变化。研究结果表明:泥鳅受苯、苯酚、硝基苯溶液毒害24h、48h、96h后,泥鳅整体的SOD活性在各个时间段呈先上升后下降的趋势,随着时间的延长,溶液浓度的增加,一些未清除的自由基对细胞产生不可逆伤害,SOD活性略有下降,与对照组比较,变化显著（P<0.05）。在正常情况下,SOD与POD、CAT等抗氧化酶共同作用清除机体产生的活性氧,本实验显示CAT的活性的变化与SOD活性变化基本一致。POD活性在各个时间段呈先下降后上升的趋势,与对照组比较,变化显著（P<0.05）。随着溶液浓度的增加、胁迫时间的延长,三种抗氧化酶的活性都有所下降。三种抗氧化酶的活力变化程度与实验中给予的污染物浓度剂量——效应关系不显著。相关性分析表明,泥鳅受胁迫后三种抗氧化酶的活性具有相关性,受三种苯类药物胁迫的泥鳅,体内SOD和CAT活性变化为极显著正相关,既SOD活性对CAT活性有诱导作用,但对POD活性则表现为负相关,即SOD活性对POD活性有抑制作用。但受苯酚和硝基苯处理96h的泥鳅,体内的CAT活性对POD活性有激活作用。用苯、苯酚和硝基苯处理的泥鳅,其肝组织的三种抗氧化酶活性发生变化。三种苯类药物处理后的泥鳅,肝脏的SOD活性和CAT活性随着浓度的增加而出现下降趋势,POD活性变化趋势则相反。在低浓度胁迫下,随着时间的延续,SOD活性呈上升趋势,苯酚和硝基苯高浓度溶液胁迫下,72h后出现下降趋势;随着胁迫时间的延续,CAT与POD活性变化,均呈先下降后上升的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, we dealt Misgurnus bipartitus with benzene, phenol, nitrobenzene respectively, to study the three benzene drugs on Misgurnus bipartitus the acute toxicity and the treatment of three antioxidant enzymes in the body and liver after the change. The results were as follows:1. LC₅₀ of benzene, phenol, nitrobenzene poisoning of Misgurnus bipartitus in different times.LC₅₀ of benzene, phenol, nitrobenzene poisoning of Misgurnus bipartitus during 24h is 153.420μl/L、52.480μl/L、90.420μl/L; during 48h is 141.213μl/L、44.757μl/L、82.310μl/L; and 96h is 129.927μl/L、41.197μl/L、79.697μl/L. The toxicity of phenol on Misgurnus bipartitus is largest, followed by nitrobenzene, benzene is the least.2. The effect of three types of antioxidant enzymes with three drugs on Misgurnus bipartitus.After poisoned by three benzene drugs, the antioxidant enzyme of Misgurnus bipartitus changed obviously. The results showed that after poisoned by benzene, phenol, nitrobenzene 24h, 48h and 96h , SOD activity increased at first, then a downward trend at various periods. With the time lengthen, solution concentration increasing, a number of uncleared generate free radicals caused irreversible injury on cell, so a slight decrease in SOD activity, compared with the control group, change significant （P<0.05）. In generally, SOD, POD and CAT are antioxidant enzymes, such as the role will be jointly produced by the body to remove reactive oxygen species, in the article the changes in the activity of CAT and SOD activity were basically the same. the POD activity decreased afterwards increased, compared with the control group, change significant （P<0.05）. However, as the solution concentration increasing, stress time lengthen, the three antioxidant enzyme activity declined. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were not significantly relative to the exposure doses of pollutants. The analysis of relevance indicated that three kinds of antioxidant enzymes activities correlated. It showed the positive correlation between SOD activity and CAT activity when Misgurnus bipartitus were pressed by three kinds of drugs, which meant SOD activity accelerated CAT activity. In additional, it showed the negative correlation between SOD activity and POD activity, which meant SOD activity restrained POD activity. When Misgurnus bipartitus were expose to phenol and nitrobenzene after 96h, CAT activity would activate POD activity.After poisoned by three benzene drugs, the antioxidant enzyme of Misgurnus bipartitus in liver has change. Results indicated that poisoned by three benzene drugs, SOD activity and CAT activity decreased with the solution concentration increasing, but POD activity was opposite. In lower solution concentration, SOD activity increased with the time lengthen, while poisoned by the higher concentration phenol and nitrobenzene, it decreased after 72h;with the exposure time lengthen, CAT activity and POD activity decreased then increased.更多还原