【摘要】 目的调查分析急诊收治512汶川地震伤员来院前的各种转送方式,探讨地震医疗救援中院前转送时所需要的物资准备,为今后重大灾害性事件发生后伤员的现场转送提供借鉴。方法收集震后3周内四川大学华西医院急诊科所接收地震伤员的受伤类型和伤情等基础资料,对救护车和直升飞机转送伤员的特点进行统计分析。结果在2338名被统计的伤员中,经救护车转送来的伤员比例最大,达60.56%,其它方式(包括汽车、船、警车、消防车、步行、抬送等)次之,占25.96%,飞机占13.47%。经由救护车转送伤员中重伤以上患者的比例明显大于飞机及其它方式,而后两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重大灾难性事件发生后应尽快建立现场急救指挥体系,简洁快速分检伤员,根据病情轻重合理选择转送方式,并根据不同转送方式的特点配备相应足够的急救物资。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the transferring methods of earthquake casualties accepted by the Department of Emergency, discuss the requirement for rescue materials in pre-hospital transference and provide information for transferring casualties after disasters in future. Methods Traumatic types and conditions of the wounded admitted by the Department of Emergency of West China Hospital within 3 weeks after Wenchuan earthquake, were collected. The characteristics of the wounded transferred by ambulances and helicopters were analyzed. Results Of the 2 338 wounded, ambulances transferred the most accounting for 60.56%, helicopter transferred 13.47%, and the other transport modes took up 25.96%. As for the macrotraumas, ambulances transferred more than helicopter and other transport mode did (P<0.05), while there was no statistical significance between helicopters and other transport modes (P>0.05). Conclusion After the disaster, a field first-aid command system should be immediately established, casualties should be triaged concisely, an appropriate transference mode should be decided according to the degree of injuries and sufficient rescue materials should be provided based on different transference modes.更多还原