【摘要】 "现场搜索、营救、医疗卫生"是震后抗震救灾过程中最为关键的3个方面,医疗卫生工作的完善程度直接关系到疫情的发生与否以及严重程度如何,对保障人民群众生命安全和身体健康具有重要影响。因此抗震救灾中的医疗卫生工作必须得到高度的重视。本文基于1013份玉树地震救灾情况的问卷调查结果,吸取了汶川地震等以往地震的经验和教训,对震后医疗卫生工作中的医疗救援、医疗服务、健康教育与心理干预、环境卫生、食品和饮用水卫生、卫生防疫等内容进行了总结分析,并为提升我国应对灾害的医疗卫生应急保障能力提出了建议。调查结果显示:与汶川地震相比,玉树地震医疗救援能力得到明显提升,应急响应速度、伤员医治和心理疏导效果显著;玉树地震医疗服务工作得到59%的群众认可,但是灾民安置点的医疗点配备稍显滞后,震后3天才有56%的安置点具备医疗条件;食品和饮用水的卫生基本令人满意,但环境卫生问题突出,近21%灾民感到不太满意。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Site search,rescue,health and medical care" are the three most crucial aspects during post-earthquake relief.Health and medical service,which could decide in some degrees whether the epidemic will occur and how serious it will be,plays very important role in people’s life safety and health.Based on 1013 investigation questionnaires of earthquake relief in Yushu earthquake,we analyze and discuss survivor’s needs and relief effect of medical and health work,including medical aid,medical service,health education and psychological intervention,environmental health,food and drinking water health and anti-epidemic.Then,some suggestions for how to improve the emergency support ability of health and medical service system for earthquake relief work based on the surveying data are provided.The results show that in comparison with the wenchuan earthquake,the medical aid ability of Yushu earthquake has been improved significantly,and the emergency response effect,medical care and psychological counseling achieve a good effect.Fifty-nine percent of the people are satisfied with medical services of Yushu earthquake,nevertheless,the amounts of medical aid posts are not enough for a great quantity of shelters,only fifty-six percent of the shelters have been equipped with medical condition by three days after the earthquake.Food and drinking water supply are generally good,but about twenty-one percent of people are not satisfied with environmental health condition.更多还原